Tropical deforestation is associated with considerable heat-related mortality
2025
Reddington, C. L., Smith, C., Butt, E. W., Baker, J. C. A., Oliveira, B. F. A., Yamba, E. I., Spracklen, D. V.
Land Surface Temperature , Emissivity
Worldwide inventory reveals the frequency and variability of pyrocumulonimbus and stratospheric smoke plumes during 20132023
2025
Peterson, David A., Berman, Melinda T., Fromm, Michael D., Servranckx, Rene, Julstrom, William J., Hyer, Edward J., Campbell, James R., McHardy, Theodore M., Lambert, Andrew
Geopotential Height, Atmospheric Ozone, Sea Level Pressure, Surface Pressure, Upper Air Temperature, Vertical Profiles, Air Temperature, Specific Humidity, U/V Wind Components, U/V Wind Components, Ozone Profiles, Surface Temperature , Skin Temperature, Atmospheric Winds , Surface Winds , Atmospheric Pressure, Total Precipitable Water, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Atmospheric Water Vapor, Oxygen Compounds, Altitude, Boundary Layer Winds
MERRA-2 inst6_3d_ana_Np: 3d,6-Hourly,Instantaneous,Pressure-Level,Analysis,Analyzed Meteorological Fields 0.625 x 0.5 degree V5.12.4 (M2I6NPANA) at GES DISC MERRA-2 inst1_2d_asm_Nx: 2d,1-Hourly,Instantaneous,Single-Level,Assimilation,Single-Level Diagnostics 0.625 x 0.5 degree V5.12.4 (M2I1NXASM) at GES DISC
WRF-lake model adjusted for a shallow hypersaline lake
2025
Rahimian, Mohsen, Siadatmousavi, Seyed Mostafa, Saeedi, Mohsen
Land Surface Temperature , Emissivity
XIS-temperature: A daily spatiotemporal machine-learning model for air temperature in the contiguous United States
2025
Just, Allan C., Arfer, Kodi B., Rush, Johnathan, Kloog, Itai
Population Size, Land Surface Temperature , Emissivity, Vegetation Index , Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI)
When the city heats up: mapping urban heat risks through environmental and socioeconomic factors in Quezon City, Philippines
2025
Treyes, Aerol Cedrick
Land Surface Temperature , Emissivity, Reflectance , Albedo , Anisotropy
Widespread and Divergent Post-Drought Loss of Gross Primary Production
2025
Zhao, Zhuoyi, Zhou, Yanlian, Ju, Weimin, Xiao, Jingfeng, Li, Xing
Plant Phenology, Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI), Surface Pressure, Heat Flux, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Surface Temperature , Humidity , Evapotranspiration , Surface Winds , Rain , Precipitation Rate , Snow, Soil Moisture/Water Content , Soil Temperature, Land Surface Temperature , Snow Water Equivalent , Runoff , Canopy Characteristics, Evergreen Vegetation, Crown, Deciduous Vegetation, Leaf Characteristics, Vegetation Cover, Land Use/Land Cover Classification , Photosynthesis, Primary Production, Vegetation Productivity, Fraction Of Absorbed Photosynthetically Active Radiation (fapar), Gross Primary Production (gpp), Reflectance
Widespread Sensitivity of Vegetation to the Transition From Normal
2025
Liao, Jiangling, Xu, Yuyue, Pi, Junzheng, Li, Yuchen, Ke, Changqing, Zhan, Wenfeng, Chen, Jianli
Surface Pressure, Heat Flux, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Surface Temperature , Humidity , Evapotranspiration , Surface Winds , Rain , Precipitation Rate , Snow, Soil Moisture/Water Content , Soil Temperature, Land Surface Temperature , Snow Water Equivalent , Runoff , Ground Water , Land Use/Land Cover Classification
Wildfires heat the middle troposphere over the Himalayas and Tibetan
2025
Pei, Qiaomin, Zhao, Chuanfeng, Yang, Yikun, Chen, Annan, Cong, Zhiyuan, Wan, Xin, Zhang, Haotian, Wu, Guangming
Land Use/Land Cover Classification , Fire Dynamics, Surface Radiative Properties , Land Surface Temperature
Wholeprofile soil carbon responses to concurrent warming and precipitation changes across global biomes
2025
Wang, Mingming, Zhang, Shuai, Guo, Xiaowei, Wang, Guocheng, Xia, Jianyang, Xiao, Liujun, Luo, Zhongkui
Land Surface Temperature , Emissivity
Deep-learning-driven simulations of boundary layer clouds over the Southern Great Plains
2024
Su, Tianning, Zhang, Yunyan
Atmospheric Radiation, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Radiative Flux, Radiative Forcing, Surface Radiative Properties , Albedo , Emissivity, Cloud Properties, Cloud Fraction, Cloud Optical Depth/Thickness, Skin Temperature, Skin Temperature, Sea Surface Skin Temperature
Evaluation of reanalysis soil moisture products using cosmic ray neutron sensor observations across the globe
2024
Zheng, Yanchen, Coxon, Gemma, Woods, Ross, Power, Daniel, Rico-Ramirez, Miguel Angel, McJannet, David, Rosolem, Rafael, Li, Jianzhu, Feng, Ping
Geopotential Height, Altitude, Surface Temperature , Skin Temperature, Upper Air Temperature, Dew Point Temperature, Air Temperature, Cloud Top Temperature, Atmospheric Winds , Surface Winds , U/V Wind Components, Upper Level Winds, U/V Wind Components, Vertical Wind Velocity/Speed, Atmospheric Pressure, Sea Level Pressure, Cloud Top Pressure, Sea Level Pressure, Surface Pressure, Specific Humidity, Total Precipitable Water, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Atmospheric Water Vapor, Atmospheric Ozone, Oxygen Compounds, Boundary Layer Winds, Total Ozone, Heat Flux, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Humidity , Evapotranspiration , Rain , Precipitation Rate , Snow, Soil Moisture/Water Content , Soil Temperature, Land Surface Temperature , Snow Water Equivalent , Runoff
Greenland's firn responds more to warming than to cooling
2024
Thompson-Munson, Megan, Kay, Jennifer E., Markle, Bradley R.
Geopotential Height, Altitude, Surface Temperature , Skin Temperature, Upper Air Temperature, Dew Point Temperature, Air Temperature, Cloud Top Temperature, Atmospheric Winds , Surface Winds , U/V Wind Components, Upper Level Winds, U/V Wind Components, Vertical Wind Velocity/Speed, Atmospheric Pressure, Sea Level Pressure, Cloud Top Pressure, Sea Level Pressure, Surface Pressure, Specific Humidity, Total Precipitable Water, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Atmospheric Water Vapor, Atmospheric Ozone, Oxygen Compounds, Boundary Layer Winds, Total Ozone, Heat Flux, Water Vapor, Precipitation Rate , Snow/Ice , Evaporation, Latent Heat Flux, Latent Heat Flux, Sensible Heat Flux, Diffusion, Surface Winds , Wind Speed , Wind Stress, Wind Stress, Surface Roughness, Planetary Boundary Layer Height, Ice Fraction, Heat Flux, Heat Flux, Heat Flux, Longwave Radiation, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Water Vapor Tendency, Water Vapor Flux, Cloud Dynamics, Cloud Microphysics, Precipitation , Atmospheric Radiation, Radiative Flux, Radiative Forcing, Surface Radiative Properties , Albedo , Emissivity, Cloud Properties, Cloud Fraction, Cloud Optical Depth/Thickness, Skin Temperature, Sea Surface Skin Temperature
MERRA-2 tavg1_2d_slv_Nx: 2d,1-Hourly,Time-Averaged,Single-Level,Assimilation,Single-Level Diagnostics 0.625 x 0.5 degree V5.12.4 (M2T1NXSLV) at GES DISC MERRA-2 tavg1_2d_flx_Nx: 2d,1-Hourly,Time-Averaged,Single-Level,Assimilation,Surface Flux Diagnostics 0.625 x 0.5 degree V5.12.4 (M2T1NXFLX) at GES DISC MERRA-2 tavg1_2d_int_Nx: 2d,1-Hourly,Time-Averaged,Single-Level,Assimilation,Vertically Integrated Diagnostics 0.625 x 0.5 degree V5.12.4 (M2T1NXINT) at GES DISC MERRA-2 tavg1_2d_rad_Nx: 2d,1-Hourly,Time-Averaged,Single-Level,Assimilation,Radiation Diagnostics 0.625 x 0.5 degree V5.12.4 (M2T1NXRAD) at GES DISC
Do coastal or equatorial wind anomalies drive the Indian Ocean Dipole?
2024
Kampf, Jochen
Heat Flux, Heat Flux, Heat Flux, Heat Flux, Longwave Radiation, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Water Vapor Tendency, Water Vapor Flux, Cloud Dynamics, Cloud Microphysics, Snow/Ice , Precipitation , Specific Humidity, Ice Fraction, Skin Temperature, Sea Surface Skin Temperature, Skin Temperature
Dynamical drivers of free-tropospheric ozone increases over equatorial Southeast Asia
2024
Stauffer, Ryan M., Thompson, Anne M., Kollonige, Debra E., Komala, Ninong, Al-Ghazali, Habib Khirzin, Risdianto, Dian Yudha, Dindang, Ambun, Fairudz bin Jamaluddin, Ahmad, Sammathuria, Mohan Kumar, Zakaria, Norazura Binti, Johnson, Bryan J., Cullis, Patrick D.
Carbon Monoxide , Geopotential Height, Tropopause, Methane, Atmospheric Ozone, Surface Pressure, Outgoing Longwave Radiation, Air Temperature, Upper Air Temperature, Humidity , Total Precipitable Water, Water Vapor, Water Vapor Profiles, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Cloud Height, Cloud Top Pressure, Cloud Top Temperature, Cloud Vertical Distribution, Emissivity, Skin Temperature, Sea Surface Temperature , Sea Level Pressure, U/V Wind Components, U/V Wind Components, Potential Vorticity, Vertical Wind Velocity/Speed, Vertical Profiles, Relative Humidity, Specific Humidity, Atmospheric Water Vapor, Altitude, Ozone Profiles, Surface Temperature , Dew Point Temperature, Atmospheric Winds , Surface Winds , Upper Level Winds, Atmospheric Pressure, Sea Level Pressure, Oxygen Compounds, Boundary Layer Winds, Skin Temperature, Fire Dynamics, Surface Radiative Properties , Land Surface Temperature
Aqua/AIRS L3 Monthly Standard Physical Retrieval (AIRS-only) 1 degree x 1 degree V7.0 at GES DISC MERRA-2 inst3_3d_asm_Np: 3d,3-Hourly,Instantaneous,Pressure-Level,Assimilation,Assimilated Meteorological Fields 0.625 x 0.5 degree V5.12.4 (M2I3NPASM) at GES DISC MERRA-2 tavgM_2d_slv_Nx: 2d,Monthly mean,Time-Averaged,Single-Level,Assimilation,Single-Level Diagnostics 0.625 x 0.5 degree V5.12.4 (M2TMNXSLV) at GES DISC AIRS/Aqua L3 Monthly Standard Physical Retrieval (AIRS-only) 1 degree x 1 degree V006 (AIRS3STM) at GES DISC MODIS/Aqua Terra Thermal Anomalies/Fire locations 1km FIRMS NRT (Vector data)
Amundsen Sea Ice Loss Contributes to Australian Wildfires
2024
Liu, Guanyu, Li, Jing, Ying, Tong
Fire Occurrence, Surface Thermal Properties , Land Surface Temperature , THERMAL ANOMALIES
A new look into the impacts of dust radiative effects on the energetics of tropical easterly waves
2024
Hosseinpour, Farnaz, Wilcox, Eric M.
Atmospheric Ozone, Sea Level Pressure, Surface Pressure, U/V Wind Components, U/V Wind Components, Potential Vorticity, Vertical Wind Velocity/Speed, Vertical Profiles, Upper Air Temperature, Air Temperature, Relative Humidity, Specific Humidity, Atmospheric Water Vapor, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Altitude, Geopotential Height, Ozone Profiles, Atmospheric Radiation, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Radiative Flux, Radiative Forcing, Surface Radiative Properties , Albedo , Emissivity, Cloud Properties, Cloud Fraction, Cloud Optical Depth/Thickness, Skin Temperature, Skin Temperature, Sea Surface Skin Temperature, Aerosol Backscatter, Aerosol Extinction, Aerosol Optical Depth/Thickness , Angstrom Exponent, Aerosol Particle Properties, Aerosol Radiance, Carbonaceous Aerosols, Cloud Condensation Nuclei, Dust/Ash/Smoke , Nitrate Particles, Organic Particles, Particulate Matter, Sulfate Particles, Trace Gases/Trace Species , Atmospheric Emitted Radiation, Emissivity, Optical Depth/Thickness, Reflectance , Transmittance, Atmospheric Stability, Humidity , Total Precipitable Water, Water Vapor Profiles, Cloud Condensation Nuclei, Cloud Droplet Concentration/Size, Cloud Asymmetry, Cloud Ceiling, Cloud Frequency, Cloud Height, Cloud Top Pressure, Cloud Top Temperature, Cloud Vertical Distribution, Cloud Emissivity, Cloud Radiative Forcing, Cloud Reflectance, Rain Storms
MERRA-2 inst3_3d_asm_Np: 3d,3-Hourly,Instantaneous,Pressure-Level,Assimilation,Assimilated Meteorological Fields 0.625 x 0.5 degree V5.12.4 (M2I3NPASM) at GES DISC MERRA-2 tavg1_2d_rad_Nx: 2d,1-Hourly,Time-Averaged,Single-Level,Assimilation,Radiation Diagnostics 0.625 x 0.5 degree V5.12.4 (M2T1NXRAD) at GES DISC MERRA-2 inst6_3d_ana_Np: 3d,6-Hourly,Instantaneous,Pressure-Level,Analysis,Analyzed Meteorological Fields 0.625 x 0.5 degree V5.12.4 (M2I6NPANA) at GES DISC MODIS/Terra Aerosol Cloud Water Vapor Ozone Daily L3 Global 1Deg CMG
Exploring Relations Between Solar Activity, Cosmic Rays, Clouds and Earth Climate Using Machine Learning Techniques
2024
Belen, B., Leloglu, U.M., Demirkoz, M.B.
Atmospheric Radiation, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Radiative Flux, Radiative Forcing, Surface Radiative Properties , Albedo , Emissivity, Cloud Properties, Cloud Fraction, Cloud Optical Depth/Thickness, Skin Temperature, Skin Temperature, Sea Surface Skin Temperature
Assessment of atmospheric and surface energy budgets using observation-based data products
2024
Mayer, Michael, Kato, Seiji, Bosilovich, Michael, Bechtold, Peter, Mayer, Johannes, Schroder, Marc, Behrangi, Ali, Wild, Martin, Kobayashi, Shinya, Li, Zhujun, LEcuyer, Tristan
Heat Flux, Air Temperature, Skin Temperature, Specific Humidity, Water Vapor, Precipitation Rate , Snow/Ice , Evaporation, Latent Heat Flux, Latent Heat Flux, Sensible Heat Flux, Diffusion, Surface Winds , Wind Speed , U/V Wind Components, Wind Stress, Wind Stress, Surface Roughness, Planetary Boundary Layer Height, Ice Fraction, Atmospheric Radiation, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Radiative Flux, Radiative Forcing, Surface Radiative Properties , Albedo , Emissivity, Cloud Properties, Cloud Fraction, Cloud Optical Depth/Thickness, Skin Temperature, Sea Surface Skin Temperature, Heat Flux, Heat Flux, Heat Flux, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Water Vapor Tendency, Water Vapor Flux, Cloud Dynamics, Cloud Microphysics, Precipitation , Atmospheric Ozone
MERRA-2 tavgM_2d_flx_Nx: 2d,Monthly mean,Time-Averaged,Single-Level,Assimilation,Surface Flux Diagnostics 0.625 x 0.5 degree V5.12.4 (M2TMNXFLX) at GES DISC MERRA-2 tavgM_2d_rad_Nx: 2d,Monthly mean,Time-Averaged,Single-Level,Assimilation,Radiation Diagnostics 0.625 x 0.5 degree V5.12.4 (M2TMNXRAD) at GES DISC MERRA-2 tavgM_2d_int_Nx: 2d,Monthly mean,Time-Averaged,Single-Level,Assimilation,Vertically Integrated Diagnostics 0.625 x 0.5 degree V5.12.4 (M2TMNXINT) at GES DISC
Comprehensive comparison of different gridded precipitation products
2024
Khorrami, Behnam, Sahin, Onur Gungor, Gunduz, Orhan
Surface Pressure, Heat Flux, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Air Temperature, Specific Humidity, Evapotranspiration , Wind Speed , Rain , Snow, Soil Moisture/Water Content , Soil Temperature, Land Surface Temperature , Snow Cover , Snow Depth , Snow Water Equivalent , Runoff , Surface Temperature , Humidity , Surface Winds , Precipitation Rate
Modeling Glacio-Hydrological Processes in the Himalayas: A Review and Future Perspectives
2024
Wang, Lei, Liu, Hu, Bhlon, Ranjeet, Chen, Deliang, Long, Junshui, Sherpa, Tenzing C.
Geopotential Height, Altitude, Surface Temperature , Skin Temperature, Upper Air Temperature, Dew Point Temperature, Air Temperature, Cloud Top Temperature, Atmospheric Winds , Surface Winds , U/V Wind Components, Upper Level Winds, U/V Wind Components, Vertical Wind Velocity/Speed, Atmospheric Pressure, Sea Level Pressure, Cloud Top Pressure, Sea Level Pressure, Surface Pressure, Specific Humidity, Total Precipitable Water, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Atmospheric Water Vapor, Atmospheric Ozone, Oxygen Compounds, Boundary Layer Winds, Total Ozone, Heat Flux, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Humidity , Evapotranspiration , Rain , Precipitation Rate , Snow, Soil Moisture/Water Content , Soil Temperature, Land Surface Temperature , Snow Water Equivalent , Runoff , Total Surface Precipitation Rate, Population Size, Urbanization/Urban Sprawl
Satellite-based ensemble intelligent approach for predicting forest fire: a case of the Hyrcanian forest in Iran
2024
Asadollah, Seyed Babak Haji Seyed, Sharafati, Ahmad, Motta, Davide
Surface Pressure, Heat Flux, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Air Temperature, Specific Humidity, Evapotranspiration , Wind Speed , Rain , Snow, Soil Moisture/Water Content , Soil Temperature, Land Surface Temperature , Snow Cover , Snow Depth , Snow Water Equivalent , Runoff
Validation of pan-Arctic soil temperatures in modern reanalysis and data assimilation systems
2024
Herrington, Tyler C., Fletcher, Christopher G., Kropp, Heather
Surface Pressure, Heat Flux, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Air Temperature, Specific Humidity, Evapotranspiration , Wind Speed , Rain , Snow, Soil Moisture/Water Content , Soil Temperature, Land Surface Temperature , Snow Cover , Snow Depth , Snow Water Equivalent , Runoff , Soil Heat Budget, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Temperature, Soil Infiltration, Soil Infiltration, Surface Soil Moisture, Root Zone Soil Moisture, Soil Moisture/Water Content , Evaporation, Surface Water, Runoff Rate, Average Flow, Average Flow, Precipitation , Snow/Ice , Snow Melt , Snow/Ice Temperature, Leaf Area Index (LAI), Leaf Area Index (LAI)
Urban rooftops for food and energy in China
2024
Yang, Rui, Xu, Chao, Zhang, Haoran, Wang, Zhen, Pradhan, Prajal, Lian, Xihong, Jiao, Limin, Bai, Xuemei, Cui, Shenghui, Hu, Yuanchao, Zhu, Yong-Guan
Atmospheric Radiation, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Radiative Flux, Radiative Forcing, Surface Radiative Properties , Albedo , Emissivity, Cloud Properties, Cloud Fraction, Cloud Optical Depth/Thickness, Skin Temperature, Skin Temperature, Sea Surface Skin Temperature
Where to draw the line: Physical space partitioning and view privacy in ar-based co-located collaboration for immersive analytics
2024
Ouedraogo, Inoussa, Nguyen, Huyen, Bourdot, Patrick
Surface Pressure, Heat Flux, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Surface Temperature , Humidity , Evapotranspiration , Surface Winds , Rain , Precipitation Rate , Snow, Soil Moisture/Water Content , Soil Temperature, Land Surface Temperature , Snow Water Equivalent , Runoff , Soil Heat Budget, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Temperature, Soil Infiltration, Soil Infiltration, Surface Soil Moisture, Root Zone Soil Moisture, Soil Moisture/Water Content , Evaporation, Surface Water, Runoff Rate, Average Flow, Average Flow, Precipitation , Snow/Ice , Snow Depth , Snow Melt , Snow/Ice Temperature, Leaf Area Index (LAI), Leaf Area Index (LAI)
Which global reanalysis dataset has better representativeness in snow cover on the Tibetan Plateau?
2024
Yan, Shirui, Chen, Yang, Hou, Yaliang, Liu, Kexin, Li, Xuejing, Xing, Yuxuan, Wu, Dongyou, Cui, Jiecan, Zhou, Yue, Pu, Wei, Wang, Xin
Surface Pressure, Heat Flux, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Surface Temperature , Humidity , Evapotranspiration , Surface Winds , Rain , Precipitation Rate , Snow, Soil Moisture/Water Content , Soil Temperature, Land Surface Temperature , Snow Water Equivalent , Runoff , Air Temperature, 24 Hour Maximum Temperature, 24 Hour Minimum Temperature, Albedo, Snow Depth , Snow Water Equivalent , Soil Heat Budget, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Temperature, Soil Infiltration, Soil Infiltration, Surface Soil Moisture, Root Zone Soil Moisture, Soil Moisture/Water Content , Evaporation, Surface Water, Runoff Rate, Average Flow, Average Flow, Precipitation , Snow/Ice , Snow Depth , Snow Melt , Snow/Ice Temperature, Leaf Area Index (LAI), Leaf Area Index (LAI)
GLDAS Noah Land Surface Model L4 3 hourly 0.25 x 0.25 degree V2.1 (GLDAS_NOAH025_3H) at GES DISC GLDAS Catchment Land Surface Model L4 3 hourly 1.0 x 1.0 degree V2.1 (GLDAS_CLSM10_3H) at GES DISC GLDAS VIC Land Surface Model L4 3 hourly 1.0 x 1.0 degree V2.0 (GLDAS_VIC10_3H) at GES DISC MERRA-2 statD_2d_slv_Nx: 2d,Daily,Aggregated Statistics,Single-Level,Assimilation,Single-Level Diagnostics 0.625 x 0.5 degree V5.12.4 (M2SDNXSLV) at GES DISC GLDAS Noah Land Surface Model L4 3 hourly 0.25 x 0.25 degree V2.0 (GLDAS_NOAH025_3H) at GES DISC GLDAS Noah Land Surface Model L4 3 hourly 1.0 x 1.0 degree V2.1 (GLDAS_NOAH10_3H) at GES DISC GLDAS Noah Land Surface Model L4 3 hourly 1.0 x 1.0 degree V2.0 (GLDAS_NOAH10_3H) at GES DISC GLDAS Catchment Land Surface Model L4 3 hourly 1.0 x 1.0 degree V2.0 (GLDAS_CLSM10_3H) at GES DISC High Mountain Asia UCLA Daily Snow Reanalysis V001 MERRA-2 tavg1_2d_lnd_Nx: 2d,1-Hourly,Time-Averaged,Single-Level,Assimilation,Land Surface Diagnostics 0.625 x 0.5 degree V5.12.4 (M2T1NXLND) at GES DISC GLDAS VIC Land Surface Model L4 3 hourly 1.0 x 1.0 degree V2.1 (GLDAS_VIC10_3H) at GES DISC