Studies of the distribution of snow is crucial for understanding the water cycle, cryospheric systems, and climate. For example, snow cover reflects sunlight (solar radiation) back into space, helping to regulate Earth's temperature. Shrinking the snowpack reduces its ability to cool Earth.

Runoff from melting snowpack provides a source of water for drinking and agriculture in many communities around the world. Many animals and plants also rely on snow for their seasonal patterns. Too much snow runoff can cause flooding, while too little can lead to droughts and promote wildfires.

Instruments aboard NASA’s Earth-observing satellites collect snow cover data in several different filter bands, providing a comprehensive global picture of snow distribution. These data are useful for studies including water management, agriculture, and ecosystems.