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Sulfur Dioxide Data Access and Tools

Commonly Used Sulfur Dioxide Data at a Glance

The following sections will help guide you to topic-specific data and resources for accessing, visualizing, preparing/manipulating (e.g. subsetting), and analyzing data. Each observation, model, and reanalysis data has unique characteristics that should be considered when evaluating its use.

An asterisk (*) next to an entry indicates that near real-time (NRT) data products are available through NASA's Land, Atmosphere Near real-time Capability for EOS (LANCE). While not intended for scientific research, NRT data are good resources for monitoring ongoing or time-critical events. To learn more about the difference between NRT and Standard Science Products, see Near Real Time versus Standard Products.

Spatial ResolutionSpatial CoverageTemporal ResolutionTemporal CoverageSpectral ResolutionSatellite/ PlatformName (Sensor, Model, etc.)Observation, Model, or ReanalysisFile Format
50 km x 50 kmGlobal6 minutes2002-20232,378 infrared channels in the 3.74-15.4 micron spectral rangeAqua*AIRSObservationHDF-EOS
13 km x 24 km, 0.25°, 1°Global98 minutes, Daily2004-present1.0-0.45 nm Full Width and Half Maximum (FWHM)AuraOzone Monitoring Instrument (OMI)ObservationHDF-EOS5
7.5 km x 3 kmGlobal101 minutes, Daily2018250-420 nmNASA/NOAA Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (Suomi NPP)Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite (OMPS)ObservationnetCDF-4
7 x 3.5 km for all spectral bands, with the exception of the UV1 band (7 x 28 km2) and SWIR bands (7 x 7 km2)GlobalDaily2017-present270 nm-2.3 µm, 0.55 nmESA Sentinel-5PTROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI)ObservationnetCDF
165 km x 3 kmNear-global (-82º to +82º latitude)15 minutes,
Twice daily [day, night]		2021-present190 and 240 GHzAura*MLSObservationHDF-EOS5
0.5° x 0.625°GlobalHourly,
3 hourly,
Monthly		1980-presentN/AN/AMERRA-2ReanalysisnetCDF
0.25º x 0.25°Global15 min, HourlyDaily 5-day forecastN/AN/AGEOS-CFModelnetCDF
0.25º x 0.312°Global3-hourlyNear-real time assimilation (DAS), 10-day forecast at 00z, and 5-day forecast at 12zN/AN/AGEOS FPAnalysisnetCDF
Point measurementsGlobalPeriodic flights occurred during each deployment2016-2018variesAirborne Field CampaignAtmospheric Tomography Mission (ATom) campaign with varying instrumentsObservationnetCDF

Sulfur Dioxide Datasets

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Dataset Version Platform Instrument Temporal Extent Spatial Extent Spatial Resolution Data Format
Sentinel-5P TROPOMI Sulphur Dioxide SO2 1-Orbit L2 5.5km x 3.5km V2 (S5P_L2__SO2____HiR) at GES DISC 2 Sentinel-5P TROPOMI 2018-04-30 to Present

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

Sentinel-5P TROPOMI Sulphur Dioxide SO2 1-Orbit L2 7km x 3.5km V1 (S5P_L2__SO2___) at GES DISC 1 Sentinel-5P TROPOMI 2018-05-06 to 2019-08-06

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

SOLVE I DC-8 Aircraft In-situ Photolysis Rate Data 1 MODELS, NASA DC-8 Computer, SAFS 1999-11-16 to 2000-03-15 AMES
SOLVE I DC-8 Aircraft In-situ Trace Gas Data 1 NASA DC-8 TOTCAP, FASTOZ, ATHOS, NO/NOy, DACOM, ClO/BrO, CIMS 1999-11-22 to 2000-03-15 AMES
SOLVE I ER-2 Aircraft In-situ Photolysis Rate Data 1 MODELS, NASA ER-2 Computer, CPFM 1999-09-23 to 2000-03-18 AMES
Sounder SIPS: Sun Synchronous 13:30 orbit Climate Hyperspectral InfraRed Product (CHIRP): Calibrated Radiances from EOS-Aqua, S-NPP, JPSS-1/NOAA-20, V2 (SNDR13CHRP1) at GES DISC 2 Aqua, Suomi-NPP, NOAA-20 AIRS, CrIS 2002-09-01 to Present

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

13.5 Kilometers x 13.5 Kilometers
Sounder SIPS: Sun Synchronous 13:30 orbit Climate Hyperspectral InfraRed Product (CHIRP): Calibrated Radiances from EOS-Aqua, V2 (SNDR13CHRP1AQCal) at GES DISC 2 Aqua, Suomi-NPP, NOAA-20 AIRS, CrIS 2016-09-01 to Present

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

13.5 Kilometers x 13.5 Kilometers
Sounder SIPS: Sun Synchronous 13:30 orbit Climate Hyperspectral InfraRed Product (CHIRP): Calibrated Radiances from JPSS-1/NOAA-20, V2 (SNDR13CHRP1J1Cal) at GES DISC 2 Aqua, Suomi-NPP, NOAA-20 AIRS, CrIS 2018-02-17 to 2018-09-01

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

13.5 Kilometers x 13.5 Kilometers
Sounder SIPS: Sun Synchronous 13:30 orbit Climate Hyperspectral InfraRed Product (CHIRP): Calibrated Radiances from S-NPP, V2 (SNDR13CHRP1SNCal) at GES DISC 2 Aqua, Suomi-NPP, NOAA-20 AIRS, CrIS 2015-11-02 to Present

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

13.5 Kilometers x 13.5 Kilometers
STRAT Ground Site Data 1 GROUND STATIONS LIDAR, CPFM, AROTAL 1995-05-04 to 1996-12-12 AMES
TOMS/N7 MS SO2 Vertical Column 1-Orbit L2 Swath 50x50 km V3 (TOMSN7SO2) at GES DISC 3 Nimbus-7 TOMS 1978-11-01 to 1993-05-07

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

50 Kilometers x 50 Kilometers
TROPESS Chemical Reanalysis SO2 6-Hourly 3-dimensional Product V1 (TRPSCRSO26H3D) at GES DISC 1 REANALYSIS MODELS NOT APPLICABLE 2005-01-01 to 2021-12-31

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

1.125 Decimal Degrees x 1.125 Decimal Degrees
TROPESS Chemical Reanalysis SO2 Monthly 3-dimensional Product V1 (TRPSCRSO2M3D) at GES DISC 1 REANALYSIS MODELS NOT APPLICABLE 2005-01-01 to 2021-12-31

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

1.125 Decimal Degrees x 1.125 Decimal Degrees
TROPESS Chemical Reanalysis Surface SO2 2-Hourly 2-dimensional Product V1 (TRPSCRSO22H2D) at GES DISC 1 REANALYSIS MODELS NOT APPLICABLE 2005-01-01 to 2021-12-31

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

1.125 Decimal Degrees x 1.125 Decimal Degrees
TROPESS Chemical Reanalysis Surface Total SO2 emissions Monthly 2-dimensional Product V1 (TRPSCRESO2TM2D) at GES DISC 1 REANALYSIS MODELS NOT APPLICABLE 2005-01-01 to 2021-12-31

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

1.125 Decimal Degrees x 1.125 Decimal Degrees
UARS Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) Level 3AL V005 (UARML3AL) at GES DISC 005 UARS MLS 1991-09-18 to 1999-07-27

N: 80 S: -80 E: 180 W: -180

UARS Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) Level 3AT V005 (UARML3AT) at GES DISC 005 UARS MLS 1991-09-18 to 1999-07-28

N: 80 S: -80 E: 180 W: -180

VIRGAS WB-57 Aircraft In-Situ Trace Gas Data 1 NASA WB-57F WAS, UASO3, LIF-SO2 2015-10-17 to 2015-11-01 ICARTT
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Featured Sulfur Dioxide Observation Method: OMPS
The Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite (OMPS) aboard the joint NASA/NOAA Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (Suomi NPP) satellite tracks the health of Earth's ozone layer and measures the concentration of atmospheric ozone. The NOAA-20 and NOAA-21 satellites are also equipped with the instrument. Total column sulfur dioxide data from OMPS are available on a near real-time basis.
Learn More About OMPS
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OMPS Near Real-Time Data

Near real-time Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite (OMPS) data products include total column ozone, total column sulfur dioxide (SO2), vertical ozone profile swath, and aerosol index.

Sulfur Dioxide Data Tools

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