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Description

A global data set of soil types is available at 1-degree latitude by 1-degree longitude resolution. There are 26 soil units based on Zobler?s assessment of FAO Soil Units (Zobler, 1986). The data set was compiled as part of an effort to improve modeling of the hydrologic cycle portion of global climate models. A more extensive version of these data, including 106 soil units as well as soil texture and slope, is available from NCAR, Scientific Computing Division, Data Support Section; the more extensive data set is entitled "Staub and Rosenweig's GISS Soil & Sfc Slope, 1-Deg" [http://www.dss.ucar.edu/datasets/ds770.0/]. A help file prepared by Matthews and Fung (1987) (soil1x1.help) is provided as a companion file. Image of 26 soil types available at 1-degree by 1-degree resolution. Additional documentation from Zobler?s assessment of FAO soil units is available from the NASA Center for Scientific Information

Product Summary

Platforms
NOT APPLICABLE
Instruments
NOT APPLICABLE
Spatial Extent

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

Coordinate System
CARTESIAN
Granule Spatial Representation
CARTESIAN
Temporal Extent
1972-01-01 to 1982-01-01
Data Partner
THE OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY (ORNL) DISTRIBUTED ACTIVE ARCHIVE CENTER (DAAC) (ORNL_DAAC)
Concept ID
C2216862716-ORNL_CLOUD
Data State
COMPLETE
Number of Files/Granules
4
Processing Level
3
Published
Updated
Science Keywords
Suspended Solids ,
Soil Classification ,
Soil Texture

Citation

Citation is critically important for dataset documentation and discovery. This dataset is openly shared, without restriction, in accordance with the EOSDIS Data Use and Citation Guidance.

Copy Citation

Zobler, L. (1999). Global Soil Types, 1-Degree Grid (Zobler) (Version 1). ORNL Distributed Active Archive Center. https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/418 Date Accessed: 2026-05-01

Documents

Publications Citing This Dataset

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Title Year Author Topic
Assimilating ESA CCI land surface temperature into the ORCHIDEE land surface model: insights from a multi-site study across Europe Olivera-Guerra, Luis-Enrique, Ottle, Catherine, Raoult, Nina, Peylin, Philippe Suspended Solids, Soil Classification, Soil Texture
Towards the assimilation of atmospheric CO2 concentration Beylat, Simon, Raoult, Nina, Bacour, Cedric, Douglas, Natalie, Quaife, Tristan, Bastrikov, Vladislav, Rayner, Peter J., Peylin, Philippe Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide, Suspended Solids, Soil Classification, Soil Texture
Anthromes and forest carbon responses to global change Hogan, J. Aaron, Lichstein, Jeremy W., Helmer, Eileen H., Craig, Matthew E., Fricke, Evan, Henrich, Viola, Kannenberg, Steven A., Koven, Charles D., Goldewjik, Kees Klein, Lapola, David M., Li, Yue, Malhi, Yadvinder, Quinn, John, Roe, Stephanie, Terrer, Cesar, Vilanova, Emilio, Walker, Anthony P., Zhu, Kai, Ellis, Erle C. Suspended Solids, Soil Classification, Soil Texture
Soil Organic Matter Dynamics in the Critical Zone Moreland, Kimber, Dove, Nicholas C., Yan, Qina, Hou, Tingyu, Barnes, Morgan E., Hart, Stephen C., Filley, Timothy, Kumar, Praveen, Asefaw Berhe, Asmeret Suspended Solids, Soil Classification, Soil Texture
GEFSv12 reforecast dataset for supporting subseasonal and hydrometeorological applications Guan, Hong, Zhu, Yuejian, Sinsky, Eric, Fu, Bing, Li, Wei, Zhou, Xiaqiong, Xue, Xianwu, Hou, Dingchen, Peng, Jiayi, Nageswararao, M. M., Tallapragada, Vijay, Hamill, Thomas M., Whitaker, Jeffrey S., Bates, Gary, Pegion, Philip, Frederick, Sherrie, Rosencrans, Matthew, Kumar, Arun Suspended Solids, Soil Classification, Soil Texture
Global cycling and climate effects of aeolian dust controlled by biological soil crusts Rodriguez-Caballero, E., Stanelle, T., Egerer, S., Cheng, Y., Su, H., Canton, Y., Belnap, J., Andreae, M. O., Tegen, I., Reick, C. H., Poschl, U., Weber, B. Suspended Solids, Soil Classification, Soil Texture
Assessment of WRF-CHEM simulated dust using reanalysis, satellite data and ground-based Observations Rajeev, Akshay, Singh, Charu, Singh, Sanjeev Kumar, Chauhan, Prakash Suspended Solids, Soil Classification, Soil Texture
Development and evaluation of 0.05 terrestrial water storage estimates using Community Atmosphere Biosphere Land Exchange (CABLE) land surface ... Tangdamrongsub, Natthachet, Jasinski, Michael F., Shellito, Peter J. Suspended Solids, Soil Classification, Soil Texture
Mapping groundwater abstractions from irrigated agriculture: big data, inverse modeling, and a satellitemodel fusion approach Lopez Valencia, Oliver Miguel, Johansen, Kasper, Aragon Solorio, Bruno Jose Luis, Li, Ting, Houborg, Rasmus, Malbeteau, Yoann, AlMashharawi, Samer, Altaf, Muhammad Umer, Fallatah, Essam Mohammed, Dasari, Hari Prasad, Hoteit, Ibrahim, McCabe, Matthew Francis Suspended Solids, Soil Classification, Soil Texture
Stripping back the modern to reveal the CenomanianTuronian climate and temperature gradient underneath Laugie, Marie, Donnadieu, Yannick, Ladant, Jean-Baptiste, Green, J. A. Mattias, Bopp, Laurent, Raisson, Francois Suspended Solids, Soil Classification, Soil Texture, Vegetation Cover, Land Use/Land Cover Classification, Soil Color
Simulating Erosion-Induced Soil and Carbon Delivery From Uplands to Rivers in a Global Land Surface Model Zhang, Haicheng, Lauerwald, Ronny, Regnier, Pierre, Ciais, Philippe, Yuan, Wenping, Naipal, Victoria, Guenet, Bertrand, Van Oost, Kristof, CaminoSerrano, Marta Suspended Solids, Soil Classification, Soil Texture
Global Relationships Between River Width, Slope, Catchment Area, Meander Wavelength, Sinuosity, and Discharge Frasson, Renato Prata de Moraes, Pavelsky, Tamlin M., Fonstad, Mark A., Durand, Michael T., Allen, George H., Schumann, Guy, Lion, Christine, Beighley, R. Edward, Yang, Xiao Suspended Solids, Soil Classification, Soil Texture
Infiltration from the Pedon to Global Grid Scales: An Overview and Vereecken, Harry, Weihermuller, Lutz, Assouline, Shmuel, Simunek, Jirka, Verhoef, Anne, Herbst, Michael, Archer, Nicole, Mohanty, Binayak, Montzka, Carsten, Vanderborght, Jan, Balsamo, Gianpaolo, Bechtold, Michel, Boone, Aaron, Chadburn, Sarah, Cuntz, Matthias, Decharme, Bertrand, Ducharne, Agnes, Ek, Michael, Garrigues, Sebastien, Goergen, Klaus, Ingwersen, Joachim, Kollet, Stefan, Lawrence, David M., Li, Qian, Or, Dani, Swenson, Sean, de Vrese, Philipp, Walko, Robert, Wu, Yihua, Xue, Yongkang Soil Classification, Soil Chemistry, Soil Bulk Density, Nitrogen, Carbon, Soil Horizons/Profile, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Soil Water Holding Capacity, Suspended Solids, Soil Texture
Application of a Regional Climate Model to Assess Changes in the Hostetler, S., Reker, R., Alder, J., Loveland, T., Willard, D., Bernhardt, C., Sundquist, E., Thompson, R. Suspended Solids, Soil Classification, Soil Texture, Vegetation Index, Vegetation Cover, Vegetation Index, Deciduous Vegetation, Reflectance
Climatedriven reduction of genetic variation in plant phenology alters soil communities and nutrient pools Ware, Ian M., Van Nuland, Michael E., Schweitzer, Jennifer A., Yang, Zamin, Schadt, Christopher W., SidakLoftis, Lindsay C., Stone, Nathan E., Busch, Joseph D., Wagner, David M., Bailey, Joseph K. Suspended Solids, Soil Classification, Soil Texture
Modeling the radiative effects of biomass burning aerosols on carbon fluxes in the Amazon region Moreira, Demerval S., Longo, Karla M., Freitas, Saulo R., Yamasoe, Marcia A., Mercado, Lina M., Rosario, Nilton E., Gloor, Emauel, Viana, Rosane S. M., Miller, John B., Gatti, Luciana V., Wiedemann, Kenia T., Domingues, Lucas K. G., Correia, Caio C. S. Suspended Solids, Soil Classification, Soil Texture
NAQFC Developmental Forecast Guidance for Fine Particulate Matter (PM 2.5 ) Lee, Pius, McQueen, Jeffery, Stajner, Ivanka, Huang, Jianping, Pan, Li, Tong, Daniel, Kim, Hyuncheol, Tang, Youhua, Kondragunta, Shobha, Ruminski, Mark, Lu, Sarah, Rogers, Eric, Saylor, Rick, Shafran, Perry, Huang, Ho-Chun, Gorline, Jerry, Upadhayay, Sikchya, Artz, Richard Suspended Solids, Soil Classification, Soil Texture
Estimation of methane emission from rice paddy soils in Japan using the diagnostic ecosystem model SASAI, Takahiro, NAKAI, Saori, ONO, Keisuke, MANO, Masayoshi, MIYATA, Akira Suspended Solids, Soil Classification, Soil Texture
Modelling evapotranspiration during precipitation deficits: identifying critical processes in a land surface model Ukkola, Anna M., Pitman, Andy J., Decker, Mark, De Kauwe, Martin G., Abramowitz, Gab, Kala, Jatin, Wang, Ying-Ping Carbon, Nitrogen, Soil Water Holding Capacity, Soil Bulk Density, Soil Chemistry, Soil Classification, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Soil Horizons/Profile, Suspended Solids, Soil Texture
Endurance of larch forest ecosystems in eastern Siberia under warming trends Sato, Hisashi, Kobayashi, Hideki, Iwahana, Go, Ohta, Takeshi Suspended Solids, Soil Classification, Soil Texture
Testing the performance of state-of-the-art dust emission schemes using DO4Models field data Haustein, K., Washington, R., King, J., Wiggs, G., Thomas, D. S. G., Eckardt, F. D., Bryant, R. G., Menut, L. Suspended Solids, Soil Classification, Soil Texture
Mapping erodibility in dust source regions based on geomorphology, meteorology, and remote sensing Parajuli, Sagar Prasad, Yang, ZongLiang, Kocurek, Gary Suspended Solids, Soil Classification, Soil Texture
Data-Model Needs for Belowground Ecology. A Summary Report from the Terrestrial Ecosystem Science (TES) Mini-Workshop, May 8, 2014 Bailey, Vanessa, Hanson, Paul J., Jastrow, Julie, Torn, Margaret, Stover, Daniel Organic Matter, Soil Bulk Density, Soil Classification, Soil Depth, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Soil Texture, Phosphorus, Soil Chemistry, Soil Chemistry, Soil Respiration, Soil Respiration, Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide, Air Temperature, Precipitation Amount, Soil Water Holding Capacity, Biomass, Nutrients, Plant Characteristics, Photosynthetically Active Radiation, Carbon, Forests, Respiration Rate, Primary Production, Heat Flux, Sediment Transport, Carbon, Nitrogen, Land Use/Land Cover Classification, Vegetation Index, Vegetation Cover, Leaf Characteristics, Canopy Characteristics, Albedo, Reflectance, Water Table, Soil Classification, Geomorphic Landforms/Processes, Soil Color, Soil Horizons/Profile, Soil Structure, Soil Ph, Drainage, Terrain Elevation, Methane, Nitric Oxide, Nitrous Oxide, Litter Characteristics, Soil Gas/Air, Isotopes, Reforestation/Revegetation, Soil Gas/Air, Ammonia, Nitrogen Oxides, Ecosystem Functions, Cation Exchange Capacity, Suspended Solids, Forest Composition/Vegetation Structure, Leaf Area Index (LAI), Vegetation Species, Humidity, Soil Moisture, Soil Porosity, Nitrogen, Trace Gases/Trace Species, Soil Fertility, Permafrost, Calcium, Potassium, Magnesium, Total Dissolved Solids, Wetlands, Inundation, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Carbon, Nitrous Oxide, Discharge, Groundwater Chemistry, Discharge/Flow, Surface Water Chemistry, Biogeochemical Cycles
The scale-dependence of SMOS soil moisture accuracy and its improvement through land data assimilation in the central Tibetan Plateau Zhao, Long, Yang, Kun, Qin, Jun, Chen, Yingying, Tang, Wenjun, Lu, Hui, Yang, Zong-Liang Suspended Solids, Soil Classification, Soil Texture
Integrating Dendrochronology, Climate and Satellite Remote Sensing to Better Understand Savanna Landscape Dynamics in the Okavango Delta, Botswana Southworth, Jane, Rigg, Lesley, Gibbes, Cerian, Waylen, Peter, Zhu, Likai, McCarragher, Shannon, Cassidy, Lin Primary Production, Respiration Rate, Biomass, Canopy Characteristics, Suspended Solids, Soil Classification, Soil Texture
Coupling between the JULES land-surface scheme and the CCATT-BRAMS atmospheric chemistry model (JULES-CCATT-BRAMS1. 0): applications to numerical ... Moreira, D. S., Freitas, S. R., Bonatti, J. P., Mercado, L. M., Rosario, N. M. E., Longo, K. M., Miller, J. B., Gloor, M., Gatti, L. V. Suspended Solids, Soil Classification, Soil Texture
Sensitivity of net ecosystem exchange and heterotrophic respiration to Exbrayat, J.F., Pitman, A. J., Abramowitz, G., Wang, Y.P. Suspended Solids, Soil Classification, Soil Texture
Modelling sub-grid wetland in the ORCHIDEE global land surface model: evaluation against river discharges and remotely sensed data Ringeval, B., Decharme, B., Piao, S. L., Ciais, P., Papa, F., de Noblet-Ducoudre, N., Prigent, C., Friedlingstein, P., Gouttevin, I., Koven, C., Ducharne, A. Carbon, Nitrogen, Soil Water Holding Capacity, Soil Bulk Density, Soil Chemistry, Soil Classification, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Soil Horizons/Profile, Suspended Solids, Soil Texture
Improvement of daytime land surface skin temperature over arid regions Zheng, Weizhong, Wei, Helin, Wang, Zhuo, Zeng, Xubin, Meng, Jesse, Ek, Michael, Mitchell, Ken, Derber, John Suspended Solids, Soil Classification, Soil Texture
Analysis of the spatial variation in the net ecosystem production of rice paddy fields using the diagnostic biosphere model, BEAMS Sasai, Takahiro, Nakai, Saori, Setoyama, Yuko, Ono, Keisuke, Kato, Soushi, Mano, Masayoshi, Murakami, Kazutaka, Miyata, Akira, Saigusa, Nobuko, Nemani, Ramakrishna R., Nasahara, Kenlo N. Suspended Solids, Soil Classification, Soil Texture
Climate system science Kheshgi, Haroon S. Suspended Solids, Soil Classification, Soil Texture
Diagnosing errors in a land surface model (CABLE) in the time and frequency domains Wang, Ying Ping, Kowalczyk, Eva, Leuning, Ray, Abramowitz, Gab, Raupach, Michael R., Pak, Bernard, van Gorsel, Eva, Luhar, Ashok Suspended Solids, Soil Classification, Soil Texture
The potential response of historical terrestrial carbon storage to changes in land use, atmospheric CO2, and climate Jain, Atul K. Suspended Solids, Soil Classification, Soil Texture
Historical droughts in Mediterranean regions during the last 500 years: a data/model approach Brewer, S., Alleaume, S., Guiot, J., Nicault, A. Suspended Solids, Soil Classification, Soil Texture
An attempt to quantify the impact of changes in wetland extent on Ringeval, Bruno, de NobletDucoudre, Nathalie, Ciais, Philippe, Bousquet, Philippe, Prigent, Catherine, Papa, Fabrice, Rossow, William B. Suspended Solids, Soil Classification, Soil Texture
Evaluating the Simulated Seasonality of Soil Moisture with Earth Observation Data Ellis, Richard J., Taylor, Christopher M., Weedon, Graham P., Gedney, Nicola, Clark, Douglas B., Los, Sietse Suspended Solids, Soil Classification, Soil Texture
Nitrogen attenuation of terrestrial carbon cycle response to global environmental factors Jain, Atul, Yang, Xiaojuan, Kheshgi, Haroon, McGuire, A. David, Post, Wilfred, Kicklighter, David Suspended Solids, Soil Classification, Soil Texture
Neural networks as a tool for constructing continuous NDVI time series from AVHRR and MODIS Brown, M. E., Lary, D. J., Vrieling, A., Stathakis, D., Mussa, H. Suspended Solids, Soil Classification, Soil Texture
Mediterranean drought fluctuation during the last 500 years based on tree-ring data Nicault, A., Alleaume, S., Brewer, S., Carrer, M., Nola, P., Guiot, J. Suspended Solids, Soil Classification, Soil Texture
Global estimation of CO emissions using three sets of satellite data for burned area Jain, Atul K. Suspended Solids, Soil Classification, Soil Texture
Determinants of the interannual relationships between remote sensed photosynthetic activity and rainfall in tropical Africa CAMBERLIN, P, MARTINY, N, PHILIPPON, N, RICHARD, Y Soil Porosity, Carbon, Organic Matter, Soil Chemistry, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Soil Ph, Soil Classification, Soil Texture, Suspended Solids
Estimates of global biomass burning emissions for reactive greenhouse gases (CO, NMHCs, and NOx) and CO2 Jain, Atul K., Tao, Zhining, Yang, Xiaojuan, Gillespie, Conor Suspended Solids, Soil Classification, Soil Texture
Modeling of global biogenic emissions for key indirect greenhouse gases and their response to atmospheric CO<SUB>2</SUB> increases and changes in land cover and climate Tao, Zhining, Jain, Atul K. Suspended Solids, Soil Classification, Soil Texture
Modeling the effects of two different land cover change data sets on the carbon stocks of plants and soils in concert with CO2 and climate change Jain, Atul K., Yang, Xiaojuan Suspended Solids, Soil Classification, Soil Texture
Assessing the impact of changes in climate and CO<SUB>2</SUB> on potential carbon sequestration in agricultural soils Jain, Atul K., West, Tristram O., Yang, Xiaojuan, Post, Wilfred M. Suspended Solids, Soil Classification, Soil Texture
Performance of Different Soil Model Configurations in Simulating Ground Surface Temperature and Surface Fluxes Smirnova, Tatiana G., Brown, John M., Benjamin, Stanley G. Vegetation Cover, Atmospheric Pressure Measurements, Incoming Solar Radiation, Longwave Radiation, Reflectance, Solar Radiation, Surface Temperature, Air Temperature, Surface Winds, Precipitation Rate, Soil Temperature, Inundation, Soil Classification, Wetlands, Heat Flux, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Heat Budget, Suspended Solids, Soil Texture
Contribution of China to the global carbon cycle since the last glacial maximum. Reconstruction from palaeovegetation maps and an empirical biosphere model PENG, CHANGHUI, APPS, MICHAEL J. Suspended Solids, Soil Classification, Soil Texture
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