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Description

This dataset provides temporally consistent and harmonized global maps of aboveground and belowground biomass carbon density for the year 2010 at a 300-m spatial resolution. The aboveground biomass map integrates land-cover specific, remotely sensed maps of woody, grassland, cropland, and tundra biomass. Input maps were amassed from the published literature and, where necessary, updated to cover the focal extent or time period. The belowground biomass map similarly integrates matching maps derived from each aboveground biomass map and land-cover specific empirical models. Aboveground and belowground maps were then integrated separately using ancillary maps of percent tree cover and landcover and a rule-based decision tree. Maps reporting the accumulated uncertainty of pixel-level estimates are also provided.

Product Summary

Platforms
MODELS
Instruments
Computer
Spatial Extent

N: 84 S: -61.1 E: 180 W: -180

Location
GLOBAL LAND
Coordinate System
CARTESIAN
Granule Spatial Representation
CARTESIAN
Temporal Extent
2010-01-01 to 2010-12-31
Data Partner
THE OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY (ORNL) DISTRIBUTED ACTIVE ARCHIVE CENTER (DAAC) (ORNL_DAAC)
Concept ID
C2764708636-ORNL_CLOUD
Data State
COMPLETE
Number of Files/Granules
4
Processing Level
4
Published
Updated
Science Keywords
Biomass ,
Forests ,
Grasslands ,
Alpine/Tundra

Citation

Citation is critically important for dataset documentation and discovery. This dataset is openly shared, without restriction, in accordance with the EOSDIS Data Use and Citation Guidance.

Copy Citation

Spawn, S. A., & Gibbs, H. K. (2020). Global Aboveground and Belowground Biomass Carbon Density Maps for the Year 2010 (Version 1). ORNL Distributed Active Archive Center. https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1763 Date Accessed: 2026-05-01

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Publications Citing This Dataset

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Title Year Author Topic
A 30 m spatial resolution dataset of ecosystem services in China for 2000, 2010, and 2020 Liu, Yue, Zhao, Wenwu, Zhang, Zhijie, Ding, Jingyi, Wang, Lixin Biomass, Forests, Grasslands, Alpine/Tundra
Mapping Spatial Synergies and Trade-Offs: A Geographically Weighted Analysis of Ecosystem Services and Carbon Sequestration in Southern Italy Isola, Federica, Kobak, Bilge, Lai, Sabrina, Leccis, Francesca, Leone, Federica, Zoppi, Corrado Biomass, Forests, Grasslands, Alpine/Tundra
Impacts of land use change and climate-forcing scenarios on carbon storage dynamics in the Farallones de Cali national natural park Moyano, Nicoll, Duque, Fredy, Sanchez, Karel Biomass, Forests, Grasslands, Alpine/Tundra
Global Mercury Emissions from Open Biomass Burning Estimated Using a Mass-Balance Approach Shen, Yuzhe, Chen, Long, Wang, Danyu, Chen, Qinzheng, Zhou, Qi, Huang, Ye, Du, Wei, Chen, Yuanchen, Yang, Yi Biomass, Forests, Grasslands, Alpine/Tundra, Plant Phenology, Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI), Land Use/Land Cover Classification, Canopy Characteristics, Evergreen Vegetation, Crown, Deciduous Vegetation, Leaf Characteristics, Vegetation Cover
Meta-analysis of North American Arctic and boreal aboveground biomass datasets: assessing accuracy, dynamics, and similarities Liang, Wanwan, Bauck, Kirsten, Maloney, Devon, Hoy, Elizabeth, Montesano, Paul, Lara, Mark J, Yang, Daryl, Forsythe, Jeremy, Duncanson, Laura, Walker, Xanthe, Wang, Jonathan A Biomass, Forests, Grasslands, Alpine/Tundra, Carbon, Vegetation Cover, Land Use/Land Cover Classification, Land Use Classes, Biomass Dynamics
Rapid Loss of Terrestrial Ecosystem Multifunctionality in China on a Century Scale He, Wen, Sun, Jian, Di, Baofeng, Penuelas, Josep Biomass, Forests, Grasslands, Alpine/Tundra, Photosynthesis, Primary Production, VEGETATION PRODUCTIVITY
Bi-decadal changes in selected ecosystem services and their integrated drivers in East Africa Umwali, Edovia Dufatanye, Isabwe, Alain, Kayitesi, Naomie M., Chen, Xi Biomass, Forests, Grasslands, Alpine/Tundra
Productivity-driven decoupling of microbial carbon use efficiency and respiration across global soils Cui, Yongxing, Peng, Shushi, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Moorhead, Daryl L., Sinsabaugh, Robert L., Terrer, Cesar, Smith, Thomas P., Kuzyakov, Yakov, Penuelas, Josep, Zhu, Biao, Tao, Feng, Hong, Songbai, Chen, Ji, Rillig, Matthias C. Biomass, Forests, Grasslands, Alpine/Tundra, Leaf Area Index (LAI), Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)
Integrated SSP-RCP Scenarios for Modeling the Impacts of Climate Change and Land Use on Ecosystem Services in East Africa Umwali, Edovia Dufatanye, Chen, Xi, Ma, Xuexi, Guo, Zengkun, Mbigi, Dickson, Zhang, Zhuo, Umugwaneza, Adeline, Gasirabo, Aboubakar, Umuhoza, Jeanine Biomass, Forests, Grasslands, Alpine/Tundra
Mapping accumulated carbon storage of global mangroves from 2000 to 2020 at a 1 km resolution Wang, Moran, Zhang, Tianyuan, Xie, Yongjuan, Zhang, Zhiqiang, Wu, Xudong Biomass, Forests, Grasslands, Alpine/Tundra, Estuary, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Coastal, Soil Organic Carbon (SOC), Land Use/Land Cover
Multi-tiered objective ecological restoration planning in the Yangtze River Basin Tan, Chuandong, Yan, Yusheng, Hu, Xiujiao, Wu, Xuefei Biomass, Forests, Grasslands, Alpine/Tundra
Multi-Sensor Fusion and Machine Learning for Forest Age Mapping in Southeastern Tibet Chi, Zelong, Xu, Kaipeng Photosynthesis, Primary Production, VEGETATION PRODUCTIVITY, Terrain Elevation, RADAR IMAGERY, Topographical Relief Maps, Biomass, Forests, Grasslands, Alpine/Tundra
Increased terrestrial ecosystem carbon storage associated with global utility-scale photovoltaic installation Wang, Qingrui, Wang, Kai, Shao, Lintao, Tang, Xinyi, Tang, Shuchang, Masek, Ondrej, Meyer, Gesa, Kleissl, Jan, Zhang, Liwei, Wang, Mudan, Wang, Weisheng, Yang, Qing, Sitch, Stephen Biomass, Forests, Grasslands, Alpine/Tundra
Fire, Fuel, and Climate Interactions in Temperate Climates Kampf, Stephanie K., StevensRumann, Camille S., Nunes, Leonia, Sequeira, Ana Catarina, Rego, Francisco Castro, Fernandez, Cristina, HernandezDuarte, Ana, Mosso, Clara E., Francois, Jean Pierre, Miranda, Alejandro Biomass, Forests, Grasslands, Alpine/Tundra
Next generation Arctic vegetation maps: Aboveground plant biomass and Orndahl, Kathleen M., Berner, Logan T., Macander, Matthew J., Arndal, Marie F., Alexander, Heather D., Humphreys, Elyn R., Loranty, Michael M., Ludwig, Sarah M., Nyman, Johanna, Juutinen, Sari, Aurela, Mika, Mikola, Juha, Mack, Michelle C., Rose, Melissa, Vankoughnett, Mathew R., Iversen, Colleen M., Kumar, Jitendra, Salmon, Verity G., Yang, Dedi, Grogan, Paul, Danby, Ryan K., Scott, Neal A., Olofsson, Johan, Siewert, Matthias B., Deschamps, Lucas, Maire, Vincent, Levesque, Esther, Gauthier, Gilles, Boudreau, Stephane, Gaspard, Anna, Bret-Harte, M. Syndonia, Raynolds, Martha K., Walker, Donald A., Michelsen, Anders, Kumpula, Timo, Villoslada, Miguel, Ylanne, Henni, Luoto, Miska, Virtanen, Tarmo, Greaves, Heather E., Forbes, Bruce C., Heim, Ramona J., Holzel, Norbert, Epstein, Howard, Bunn, Andrew G., Holmes, Robert Max, Natali, Susan M., Virkkala, Anna-Maria, Goetz, Scott J. Biomass, Forests, Grasslands, Alpine/Tundra, Land Ice/Ocean Classification
Efficiency and redistribution in environmental policy: An equilibrium analysis of agricultural supply chains Dominguez-Iino, Tomas Biomass, Forests, Grasslands, Alpine/Tundra
Distribution, characteristics, and importance of particulate and mineral-associated organic carbon in China forest: a meta-analysis Cheng, Hao, Su, Yangui, Huang, Zhengyi, Lin, Sinuo, Yan, Jingyi, Wu, Guopeng, Huang, Gang Biomass, Forests, Grasslands, Alpine/Tundra
Estimating regional terrestrial ecosystem carbon sinks on multi-model coupling approach Lv, Qingzhou, Yang, Hui, Wang, Jia, Feng, Gefei, Liu, Wanzeng, Zhang, Yunhui, Wang, Wenfeng, Wang, Cheng, Huang, Xinfeng, Cui, Liu, Qiao, Yina, Fan, Huaiwei, Yao, Yuejing, Qin, Yin, Zhang, Wenkai, Han, Yang Biomass, Forests, Grasslands, Alpine/Tundra
Global Terrestrial Carbon Storage Change Affected by Future Land Dynamics Under SocialClimate Scenarios Chen, Guangzhao, Liu, Xiaoping, Li, Xia Biomass, Forests, Grasslands, Alpine/Tundra
Global Tiger Density Linked With Forest Carbon Stock, Top-Down and Bottom-Up Roberts, Nathan James, Harihar, Abishek, Zhou, Xuhui, She, Wen, Jiang, Guangshun Biomass, Forests, Grasslands, Alpine/Tundra
Global estimates of the storage and transit time of water through vegetation Felton, Andrew J., Fisher, Joshua B., Hufkens, Koen, Purdy, Adam J., Spawn-Lee, Seth A., Duloisy, Lou F., Goldsmith, Gregory R. Biomass, Forests, Grasslands, Alpine/Tundra, Land Use/Land Cover Classification, Vegetation Index, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI), Surface Pressure, Air Temperature, Specific Humidity, Surface Winds, Wind Speed, Geopotential Height, Heat Flux, Skin Temperature, Water Vapor, Precipitation Rate, Snow/Ice, Evaporation, Latent Heat Flux, Latent Heat Flux, Sensible Heat Flux, Diffusion, Surface Winds, U/V Wind Components, Wind Stress, Wind Stress, Surface Roughness, Planetary Boundary Layer Height, Ice Fraction, Reflectance, Photosynthesis, Primary Production, VEGETATION PRODUCTIVITY, Canopy Characteristics, Evergreen Vegetation, Crown, Deciduous Vegetation, Leaf Characteristics, Vegetation Cover
How accurately does L band vegetation optical depth predict aboveground biomass? Zhang, Yuan, Ciais, Philippe, Wigneron, Jean-Pierre, Chave, Jerome, Cong, Nan, Li, Xiaojun, Yang, Yan, Saatchi, Sassan Biomass, Forests, Grasslands, Alpine/Tundra
Land change, fire, and climate weaken carbon sink in the conterminous United States Liu, Jinxun, Sleeter, Benjamin M., Zhu, Zhiliang, Cochrane, Mark A., Zhou, Qiang, Wang, Bin, Domke, Grant M., Selmants, Paul C., Windham-Myers, Lisamarie, Zhu, Qiuan, Wilson, Tamara S., Byrd, Kristin B., Ward, Eric J., Sohl, Terry L., Hawbaker, Todd J., Zhang, Zhen, Soulard, Christopher E., Wickland, Kimberly P., Striegl, Robert G. Biomass, Forests, Grasslands, Alpine/Tundra, Litter Characteristics, Carbon
An integrated assessment of proxies for forest degradation: supporting SDG 15.2 in the Korean Peninsula Lamchin, Munkhnasan, Lim, Chul-Hee, Song, Cholho, Roh, Minwoo, Lee, Woo-Kyun Terrain Elevation, Digital Elevation/Terrain Model (DEM), Topographical Relief Maps, Biomass, Forests, Grasslands, Alpine/Tundra
Carbon Storage Response to Land Use/Land Cover Changes and SSPRCP Scenarios Simulation: A Case Study in Yunnan Province, China Liu, Jing, Yang, Kun, Zhang, Shaohua, Zeng, Wenxia, Yang, Xiaofang, Rao, Yan, Ma, Yan, Bi, Changyou Biomass, Forests, Grasslands, Alpine/Tundra
Climate-driven global cropland changes and consequent feedbacks You, Nanshan, Till, Jessica, Lobell, David B., Zhu, Peng, West, Paul C., Kong, Hui, Li, Wei, Sprenger, Michael, Villoria, Nelson B., Li, Pengfei, Yang, Yi, Jin, Zhenong Biomass, Forests, Grasslands, Alpine/Tundra
Comparison of Global Aboveground Biomass Estimates From Satellite El Masri, Bassil, Xiao, Jingfeng Biomass, Forests, Grasslands, Alpine/Tundra, Terrestrial Ecosystems, LIDAR WAVEFORM
Resolving the changing pace of Arctic rivers Geyman, Emily C., Lamb, Michael P. Biomass, Forests, Grasslands, Alpine/Tundra, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)
Revisiting the Role of China's Protected Areas in Carbon Storage Wang, Shuhan, Peng, Jian, Lin, Yifan, Hu, Tao Biomass, Forests, Grasslands, Alpine/Tundra
the SESaME Human-Earth atlas Faisal, Abdullah Al, Kaye, Maxwell, Ahmed, Maimoonah, Galbraith, Eric D. Heat Flux, Air Temperature, Skin Temperature, Specific Humidity, Water Vapor, Precipitation Rate, Snow/Ice, Evaporation, Latent Heat Flux, Latent Heat Flux, Sensible Heat Flux, Diffusion, Surface Winds, Wind Speed, U/V Wind Components, Wind Stress, Wind Stress, Surface Roughness, Planetary Boundary Layer Height, Ice Fraction, AEROSOL ABSORPTION, UV Aerosol Index, Land Use/Land Cover Classification, Photosynthesis, Primary Production, VEGETATION PRODUCTIVITY, Biomass, Forests, Grasslands, Alpine/Tundra
Technology transfer and innovation for climate resilience in urban areas: possible integration of ecosystem services in urban planning in Reggio Calabria (Italy) Moraci, Francesca, Barresi, Alessandra, Trimboli, Francesco, Bova, Pietro Biomass, Forests, Grasslands, Alpine/Tundra
The Biomass Carbon Sequestration Potential in China's Drylands Tan, Zimin, Wang, Shuai, Wei, Fangli, Li, Changjia, Fu, Fengyu, Wang, Lixin Biomass, Forests, Grasslands, Alpine/Tundra
Soil organic and inorganic carbon pools in the Loess Plateau: New estimation, change and trade-offs Wu, Jianzhao, Deng, Lei, Kuzyakov, Yakov, Huang, Yuanyuan, Song, Xiaodong, Nie, Ming, Deng, Jianming, Zhao, Peng, Liao, Yang, Dong, Lingbo, Wang, Xiaozhen, Li, Jiwei, Yang, Feng, Wang, Bing, Shangguan, Zhouping Vegetation Index, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI), Photosynthesis, Primary Production, VEGETATION PRODUCTIVITY, Biomass, Forests, Grasslands, Alpine/Tundra
Species diversity advances autumn senescence via enhanced belowground carbon allocation in semi-arid grasslands Cheng, Huan, Qiao, Yuxin, Zhu, HuaZhong, Zhu, YunQiang, Jia, Qianru, Yang, Yuchuan, Zhong, Huaping, Zohner, Constantin M., Liu, Jianquan Reflectance, Anisotropy, Biomass, Forests, Grasslands, Alpine/Tundra
Modelling Multi-Scenario Ecological Network Patterns and Dynamic Spatial Conservation Priorities in Mining Areas Zhang, Wanqiu, Jiang, Zeru, Dai, Huayang, Lin, Gang, Liu, Kun, Yan, Ruiwen, Zhu, Yuanhao Biomass, Forests, Grasslands, Alpine/Tundra
Multi-scenario evolutionary simulation of land cover-based carbon stock during rapid urbanization: a case of shijiazhuang city Li, Qiang, Kong, Lingran Biomass, Forests, Grasslands, Alpine/Tundra
Impact of industrial logging concession on deforestation and forest degradation in the DRC Chervier, Colas, Ximenes, Arimatea C., Mihigo, Blaise-Pascal Ntirumenyerwa, Doumenge, Charles Biomass, Forests, Grasslands, Alpine/Tundra
Forest degradation contributes more to carbon loss than forest cover loss in North American boreal forests Yu, Ling, Fan, Lei, Ciais, Philippe, Xiao, Jingfeng, Frappart, Frederic, Sitch, Stephen, Chen, Jingming, Xiao, Xiangming, Fensholt, Rasmus, Chang, Zhongbing, Fang, Hongqian, Li, Xiaojun, Cui, Tiangxiang, Ma, Mingguo, Wigneron, Jean-Pierre Biomass, Forests, Grasslands, Alpine/Tundra, Aquatic Ecosystems, Terrestrial Ecosystems, Vegetation, Soils
Global Spatial Projections of Forest Soil Respiration and Associated Uncertainties Feng, Lingxia, Jiang, Junjie, Hu, Junguo, Zhu, Chao, Wu, Zhiwei, Li, Guangliang, Chen, Taolve Soil Respiration, Ecosystem Functions, Soil Respiration, Biomass, Forests, Grasslands, Alpine/Tundra
Global Emissions Inventory from Open Biomass Burning (GEIOBB): utilizing Liu, Yang, Chen, Jie, Shi, Yusheng, Zheng, Wei, Shan, Tianchan, Wang, Gang Land Use/Land Cover Classification, Canopy Characteristics, Evergreen Vegetation, Crown, Deciduous Vegetation, Leaf Characteristics, Vegetation Cover, Biomass, Forests, Grasslands, Alpine/Tundra
Historical impacts of grazing on carbon stocks and climate mitigation opportunities Ren, Shuai, Terrer, Cesar, Li, Juan, Cao, Yingfang, Yang, Shanshan, Liu, Dan Biomass, Forests, Grasslands, Alpine/Tundra, Carbon, Cation Exchange Capacity, Organic Matter
Assessing contemporary Arctic habitat availability for a woolly mammoth proxy Poquerusse, Jessie, Brown, Casey Lance, Gaillard, Camille, Doughty, Chris, Dalen, Love, Gallagher, Austin J., Wooller, Matthew, Zimov, Nikita, Church, George M., Lamm, Ben, Hysolli, Eriona Biomass, Forests, Grasslands, Alpine/Tundra, Vegetation Species, Land Use Classes, Terrain Elevation, Vegetation Cover
Carbon sink, mitigation, and sequestration under climate change Mabidi, Annah, Miambo, Donald, Chichinye, Angella, Sebata, Allan Biomass, Forests, Grasslands, Alpine/Tundra
Burned Area Mapping and Carbon Emmission Estimates for the 2023 Canada Wildfires Based on FY-3D/Mersi-II Observations Wang, Yuanyuan, Zhang, Mingwei, Mu, Xihan, Li, Guicai Biomass, Forests, Grasslands, Alpine/Tundra
Analysing the potential impacts of land use land cover (LULC) transformation on present and future carbon sequestration capabilities in the central Himalayas Khan, Zainab, Khalid, Waiza, Ali, Sk Ajim, Shamim, Syed Kausar, Ahmad, Ateeque Biomass, Forests, Grasslands, Alpine/Tundra
Substantial terrestrial carbon emissions from global expansion of impervious surface area Qiu, Linghua, He, Junhao, Yue, Chao, Ciais, Philippe, Zheng, Chunmiao Biomass, Forests, Grasslands, Alpine/Tundra
Irrecoverable carbon in mountains and the global mitigation potential of agroforestry and increased tree cover in mountain agricultural systems Zomer, Robert J., Yang, Jianbo, Spano, Donatella, Trabucco, Antonio Biomass, Forests, Grasslands, Alpine/Tundra
Impacts of urbanisation on vegetation dynamics in Chinese cities Zhang, Zhijie, Zhao, Wenwu, Liu, Yue, Pereira, Paulo Biomass, Forests, Grasslands, Alpine/Tundra, Biomass Dynamics, Primary Production
Increasing atmospheric dryness reduces boreal forest tree growth Mirabel, Ariane, Girardin, Martin P., Metsaranta, Juha, Way, Danielle, Reich, Peter B. Biomass, Forests, Grasslands, Alpine/Tundra
Effects of landslides on terrestrial carbon stocks with a coupled geomorphicbiologic model: Southeast Alaska, United States Booth, A. M., Buma, B., Nagorski, S. Biomass, Forests, Grasslands, Alpine/Tundra
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