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Description
The Terra Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) Surface Reflectance VNIR and Crosstalk Corrected SWIR (AST_07XT) dataset contains measures of the fraction of incoming solar radiation reflected from the Earth’s surface to the ASTER instrument corrected for atmospheric effects and viewing geometry for both the Visible and Near Infrared (VNIR) and Shortwave Infrared (SWIR) sensors. Both the VNIR and SWIR data are atmospherically corrected and are generated using the bands of the corresponding ASTER L1B image. The AST_07XT product has a spatial resolution of 15 meters (m) for the VNIR bands and 30 m for the SWIR bands.
Known Issues
Data acquisition gap: On November 28, 2024, one of Terra's power-transmitting shunt units failed. As a result, there was insufficient power to maintain functionality of the ASTER instrument. ASTER resumed acquisitions for the VNIR bands on January 18, 2025. Users should note the data gap in ASTER acquisitions from November 28, 2024, through January 16, 2025, for VNIR observations.
International date line: Level 2 products that are on the international date line/anti-meridian have incorrect bounding coordinates for the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) zone defined in the file metadata.
SWIR bands: ASTER SWIR detectors are no longer functioning as of January 12, 2009, due to anomalously high SWIR detector temperatures.
SWIR anomaly: Users are advised that ASTER SWIR data acquired from April 2008 to January 11, 2009, exhibit anomalous saturation of values and anomalous striping. This effect is also present for some prior acquisition periods. Please refer to the ASTER SWIR User Advisory for more details.
Version Description
The following changes and improvements were implemented for ASTER Level 2 Version 4 data products: (1) ASTER V4 uses Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications Version 2 (MERRA-2) data as the primary source for atmospheric parameters (ozone, water vapor, pressure, and temperature), improving the precision of emissivity calculations, (2) When MERRA-2 data are unavailable, the product employs Global Data Assimilation System (GDAS) data as a backup, with climatology data serving as a final fallback to ensure continuous processing, and (3) Data format has transitioned from legacy HDF-EOS2 to Cloud Optimized GeoTIFF (COG).
Land Processes Distributed Active Archive Center (LP DAAC)
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Ground Data System, Japan Space Systems, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Ministry of Economy, Trade, and Industry, Japan (JP/METI/AIST/JSS/GDS)
Citation is critically important for dataset documentation and discovery. This dataset is openly shared, without restriction, in accordance with the EOSDIS Data Use and Citation Guidance.
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Citation Copied
NASA/METI/AIST/Japan Spacesystems and U.S./Japan ASTER Science Team. (2025). ASTER L2 Surface Reflectance VNIR and Crosstalk Corrected SWIR V004 [Data set]. NASA Land Processes Distributed Active Archive Center. https://doi.org/10.5067/ASTER/AST_07XT.004 Date Accessed: 2026-05-01
NASA/METI/AIST/Japan Spacesystems and U.S./Japan ASTER Science Team. “ASTER L2 Surface Reflectance VNIR and Crosstalk Corrected SWIR V004.” NASA Land Processes Distributed Active Archive Center, 2025. doi:10.5067/ASTER/AST_07XT.004. Date Accessed: 2026-05-01
NASA/METI/AIST/Japan Spacesystems and U.S./Japan ASTER Science Team. ASTER L2 Surface Reflectance VNIR and Crosstalk Corrected SWIR V004. NASA Land Processes Distributed Active Archive Center, 2025, doi:10.5067/ASTER/AST_07XT.004. Date Accessed: 2026-05-01
The file name begins with the Product Short Name (AST_07XT), followed by the 3-digit Version Number plus the Date and Time of Acquisition designated as MMDDYYYYHHMMSS (00412082020081658), Date and Time of Processing designated as YYYYMMDDHHMMSS (20250912140839), Product Type (SRF), Band Type (VNIR), Band/Variable (B03N), and the Data Format (tif).
The USGS EROS User Services team is offering an hour-long webinar to share the data, tools, and services available from the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) instrument aboard NASA’s Terra satellite.
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The table below lists the variables contained within a single granule for this
dataset. Variables often contain observed or derived geophysical measurements
collected from a variety of sources, including remote sensing instruments on
satellite and airborne platforms, field campaigns, in situ measurements, and
model outputs. The terms variable, parameter, scientific data set, layer, and band
have been used across NASA’s Earth science disciplines; however, variable is the
designated nomenclature in NASA’s Common Metadata Repository (CMR).
Variable metadata attributes such as Name, Description, Units, Data Type, Fill
Value, Valid Range, and Scale Factor allow users to efficiently process and analyze
the data. The full range of attributes may not be applicable to all variables.
Additional information on variable attributes is typically available in the data,
user guide, and/or other product documentation.
For questions on a specific variable, please use the Earthdata Forum.
