Biosphere Data Access and Tools

NASA biosphere data range from surface reflectance data useful for measuring the greenness of vegetation to measurements of nighttime lights that disrupt the behaviors of wildlife. Our datasets and tools help researchers translate these interconnected data points into actionable knowledge.

Dataset	Geographic Region	Temporal Extent	Data Format	Potential Application Areas	Related Subtopics
ALOS-2 PALSAR-2 Level 1 ScanSAR Product	Global	2014-08-01 to Present		Wide-area monitoring of land surface changes Regional vegetation and forest monitoring Large wetland area mapping and monitoring Continental-scale land use change detection Regional soil moisture assessment Broad geological feature identification	ecosystems, vegetation
ATLAS/ICESat-2 L2A Global Geolocated Photon Data V006	Global	2018-10-13 to Present	HDF5	Vegetation structure analysis High-precision elevation measurement Ground truth for other elevation datasets Fine-scale topographic change detection	vegetation
ATLAS/ICESat-2 L3A Land and Vegetation Height V006	Global	2018-10-14 to Present	HDF5	Precise forest canopy height mapping Biomass estimation and carbon stock assessment Habitat structure characterization Forest degradation and regrowth monitoring Urban tree canopy assessment Forest inventory support Vegetation structure biodiversity studies	vegetation
Daymet: Annual Climate Summaries on a 1-km Grid for North America, Version 4 R1	North America, Atlantic Ocean	1950-01-01 to 2023-12-31	GeoTiff	Ecological research on climate impacts Forest management and planning Wildlife habitat suitability modeling Disease vector habitat potential mapping Natural resource conservation planning	ecosystem, vegetation
ECOSTRESS Land Surface Temperature and Emissivity Daily L2 Global 70m V001	Global Land	2018-07-09 to 2025-01-06	HDF5	Plant water stress detection at field scale High-resolution thermal mapping Microclimate analysis in complex landscapes Ecosystem function monitoring	vegetation
ECOSTRESS Tiled Land Surface Temperature and Emissivity Instantaneous L2 Global 70 m	Global Land	2018-07-09 to Present	Cloud Optimized GeoTIFF (COG)	Plant water stress monitoring Ecosystem thermodynamics research Environmental temperature extremes monitoring	vegetation
GEDI L2A Elevation and Height Metrics Data Global Footprint Level V002	Global Land	2019-04-04 to 2023-03-16 2024-04-04 to Present	HDF5	Forest canopy structure characterization Biomass estimation for carbon accounting Biodiversity habitat structure assessment Ecosystem structure monitoring Terrain model refinement under vegetation Carbon sequestration potential assessment	ecological dynamics, vegetation
GEDI L4A Footprint Level Aboveground Biomass Density, Version 2.1	Global	2019-04-17 to 2024-11-27	HDF5	Carbon stock assessment in forests Forest management planning Biodiversity habitat structure analysis Sustainable forestry certification support Forest degradation assessment Ecosystem service valuation	ecosystems, terrestrial ecosystems, vegetation
GEDI L4C Footprint Level Waveform Structural Complexity Index, Version 2	Global	2019-04-17 to 2023-03-16	Binary	Habitat complexity analysis for biodiversity Old-growth forest identification Forest succession stage mapping Wildlife habitat quality assessment Forest management impact evaluation Forest restoration planning Canopy architecture research	ecosystems, terrestrial ecosystems, vegetation
Global Aboveground and Belowground Biomass Carbon Density Maps for the Year 2010	Global Land	2010-01-01 to 2010-12-31	GeoTIFF	Global carbon stock accounting Forest conservation priority setting Carbon offset project development Ecosystem service valuation Land use policy development Biodiversity conservation planning	ecosystems, ecological dynamics, vegetation
HLS Landsat Operational Land Imager Surface Reflectance and TOA Brightness Daily Global 30m v2.0	Global	2013-04-11 to Present	Cloud Optimized GeoTiff (COG)	Land cover and land use change monitoring Forest disturbance detection Ecosystem service assessment Environmental impact monitoring	vegetation
HLS Sentinel-2 Multi-spectral Instrument Surface Reflectance Daily Global 30m v2.0	Global	2013-04-11 to Present	Cloud Optimized GeoTiff (COG)	High temporal frequency vegetation monitoring Forest health assessment Biodiversity and habitat monitoring	vegetation
MAIAC Daily V01	Global	2015-06-13 to Present	PNG	Enhanced retrieval of surface reflectance for vegetation studies	vegetation
MODIS/Terra Land Surface Temperature/Emissivity Daily L3 Global 1 km SIN Grid	Global	2000-02-24 to Present	HDF-EOS2	Climate model validation for land surface processes Wildlife habitat thermal condition assessment Land surface process energy balance studies	ecological dynamics
MODIS/Terra Surface Reflectance Daily L2G Global 250m SIN Grid V061	Global	2000-02-24 to Present	HDF-EOS2	Vegetation condition monitoring Land cover change detection Drought impact evaluation on vegetation	vegetation
SENTINEL-1A_SLC	Global	2014-04-03 to Present		Interferometric analysis for surface deformation detection Coherence-based change detection Phase-based classification of land cover Development of advanced SAR processing algorithms Time-series analysis for subtle change detection	terrestrial ecosystems
SENTINEL-1B_DUAL_POL_GRD_HIGH_RES	Global	2016-04-25 to 2021-12-24		Forest disturbance monitoring Land subsidence detection in urban areas	terrestrial ecosystems, vegetation
SENTINEL-1B_SLC	Global	2016-04-25 to 2021-12-24		Complex coherence analysis for vegetation structure Time-series analysis for seasonal change patterns	terrestrial ecosystems, vegetation
VIIRS/JPSS1 Land Surface Temperature/Emissivity Daily L3 Global 1km SIN Grid Day V002	Global	2018-01-01 to Present	HDF-EOS5	Daily thermal environment monitoring Ecological habitat thermal characterization	ecological dynamics
VIIRS/NPP Burned Area Monthly L4 Global 500m SIN Grid V002	Global	2012-03-01 to Present	HDF-EOS5	Ecosystem disturbance tracking Protected area management Forest management and restoration planning Biodiversity impact assessment after fires	ecological dynamics, vegetation
VIIRS/JPSS1 Land Surface Temperature/Emissivity Daily L3 Global 1 km SIN Grid Day	Global	2018-01-01 to Present	HDF-EOS5	Climate change impact studies on land surface Wildlife habitat thermal condition assessment	ecological dynamics

Biosphere Datasets

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Dataset Sort descending	Version	Platform	Instrument	Temporal Extent	Spatial Extent	Data Format
LBA Regional Land Cover from AVHRR, 1-km, Version 1.2 (IGBP)	1	NOAA-11	AVHRR	1992-04-01 to 1993-03-31	N: 10 S: -25 E: -30 W: -85	multiple
LBA Regional Land Cover from AVHRR, 8-km, 1984 (DeFries et al.)	1	NOAA-10, NOAA-9, NOAA-11	AVHRR	1984-01-01 to 1984-12-31	N: 10 S: -25 E: -30 W: -85	multiple
LBA Regional Potential Vegetation, 5-min (Ramankutty and Foley)	1	NOT APPLICABLE	NOT APPLICABLE	1900-01-01 to 1992-01-01	N: 10 S: -25 E: -30 W: -85	multiple
LBA Regional Tree Cover from AVHRR, 1-km, 1992-1993 (DeFries et al.)	1	NOAA-9, NOAA-10, NOAA-11	AVHRR	1992-01-01 to 1993-12-31	N: 10 S: -25 E: -30 W: -85	multiple
LBA Regional Vegetation and Soils, 1-Degree (Wilson and Henderson-Sellers)	1	NOT APPLICABLE	NOT APPLICABLE	1900-01-01 to 1999-12-31	N: 10 S: -25 E: -30 W: -85	multiple
LBA Regional Wetlands Data Set, 1-Degree (Matthews and Fung)	1	NOT APPLICABLE	NOT APPLICABLE	1971-01-01 to 1982-01-01	N: 10 S: -25 E: -30 W: -85	multiple
LBA-ECO CD-02 C and N Isotopes in Leaves and Atmospheric CO2, Amazonas, Brazil	1	LABORATORY	MASS SPECTROMETERS	2004-08-02 to 2006-10-21	N: -2.5 S: -2.609 E: -60 W: -60.2091	CSV
LBA-ECO CD-02 Carbon and Oxygen Isotopes in Atmospheric CO2 in the Amazon: 1999-2004	1	LABORATORY, FIELD INVESTIGATION	MASS SPECTROMETERS, CO2 ANALYZERS	1999-03-01 to 2004-03-31	N: 1 S: -10.7618 E: 54.5792 W: -62.3572	CSV
LBA-ECO CD-02 Carbon, Nitrogen, Oxygen Stable Isotopes in Organic Material, Brazil	1	LABORATORY	MASS SPECTROMETERS, AAS	1999-03-01 to 2004-08-31	N: -10.4249 S: -10.4249 E: -58.7597 W: -58.7597	CSV
LBA-ECO CD-02 Forest Canopy Structure, Tapajos National Forest, Brazil: 1999-2003	1	FIELD INVESTIGATION	LICOR LEAF AREA METER, BALANCE	1999-10-28 to 2003-12-01	N: 2.75 S: -3.0202 E: 54.8885 W: -55	CSV
LBA-ECO CD-02 Leaf Level Gas Exchange, Chemistry, and Isotopes, Amazonia, Brazil	1	FIELD INVESTIGATION, LABORATORY	PHOTOSYNTHESIS CHAMBER, CARBON ANALYZERS, MASS SPECTROMETERS	1999-10-28 to 2003-12-17	N: 2 S: -3.0202 E: 54.5792 W: -60.1152	CSV
LBA-ECO CD-02 Leaf Water Potential, Forest and Pasture Sites, Para, Brazil: 2000-2001	1	FIELD INVESTIGATION	PRESSURE CHAMBERS	2000-03-01 to 2001-03-01	N: -2.857 S: -3.0202 E: -54.8885 W: -54.959	CSV
LBA-ECO CD-02 Oxygen Isotopes of Plant Tissue Water and Atmospheric Water Vapor	1	LABORATORY	MASS SPECTROMETERS	1999-03-01 to 2004-09-30	N: 1 S: -10.7618 E: 54.5792 W: -62.3572	CSV
LBA-ECO CD-04 Biomass Survey, km 83 Tower Site, Tapajos National Forest, Brazil	1	FIELD INVESTIGATION	STEEL MEASURING TAPE	2000-03-01 to 2009-03-28	N: -3.017 S: -3.017 E: -54.9707 W: -54.9707	CSV
LBA-ECO CD-04 Dendrometry, km 83 Tower Site, Tapajos National Forest, Brazil	1	FIELD INVESTIGATION	DENDROMETERS	2000-11-01 to 2004-11-20	N: -3.017 S: -3.017 E: -54.9707 W: -54.9707	CSV
LBA-ECO CD-04 LAI Estimated from Photos, km 83 Tower Site, Tapajos National Forest	1	FIELD SURVEYS, COMPUTERS	CAMERAS	2000-06-01 to 2003-05-30	N: -3.017 S: -3.017 E: -54.9707 W: -54.9707	multiple
LBA-ECO CD-04 Leaf Area Index, km 83 Tower Site, Tapajos National Forest, Brazil	1	FIELD INVESTIGATION	BALANCE, DIGITIZER	2000-09-01 to 2001-08-31	N: -3.017 S: -3.017 E: -54.9707 W: -54.9707	CSV
LBA-ECO CD-04 Leaf Litter Data, km 83 Tower Site, Tapajos National Forest, Brazil	1	FIELD INVESTIGATION	BALANCE	2000-09-01 to 2003-03-10	N: -3.017 S: -3.017 E: -54.9707 W: -54.9707	CSV
LBA-ECO CD-04 Leaf Photosynthesis and Respiration, Tapajos National Forest: 2000-2006	1	FIELD INVESTIGATION	LICOR GAS EXCHANGE SYSTEM	2000-06-01 to 2006-02-28	N: -2.75 S: -3.017 E: -54.959 W: -54.9707	CSV
LBA-ECO CD-04 Logging Damage, km 83 Tower Site, Tapajos National Forest, Brazil	1	FIELD SURVEYS	VISUAL OBSERVATIONS	2000-11-01 to 2002-03-31	N: -3.017 S: -3.017 E: -54.9707 W: -54.9707	CSV
LBA-ECO CD-04 Meteorological and Flux Data, km 83 Tower Site, Tapajos National Forest	1	FIXED OBSERVATION STATIONS, FIELD INVESTIGATION	SONIC ANEMOMETER, IRGA, PYRANOMETERS, RAIN GAUGES, LICOR QUANTUM SENSOR, NET RADIOMETERS, TEMPERATURE SENSORS, SOIL MOISTURE PROBE, THERMOCOUPLES	2000-07-01 to 2004-03-12	N: -3.017 S: -3.017 E: -54.9707 W: -54.9707	CSV
LBA-ECO CD-04 Soil Respiration, km 83 Tower Site, Tapajos National Forest, Brazil	1	FIELD INVESTIGATION	LICOR GAS EXCHANGE SYSTEM	2001-12-19 to 2002-03-01	N: -3.017 S: -3.017 E: -54.9707 W: -54.9707	CSV
LBA-ECO CD-05 Forest Understory Fuel Loads, Paragominas, Para, Brazil: 2001	1	FIELD INVESTIGATION	BALANCE	2001-01-01 to 2001-01-01	N: -2.983 S: -2.983 E: -47.516 W: -47.516	CSV
LBA-ECO CD-05 Understory Fuel Stick Moisture, km 67 Site, Para, Brazil: 1998-2000	1	FIELD INVESTIGATION	BALANCE	1998-10-09 to 2000-11-17	N: -2.75 S: -2.75 E: -55 W: -55	CSV
LBA-ECO CD-06 Carbon Cycling in Rivers in Amazonas and Acre, Brazil: 2005-2006	1	LABORATORY	FLUORESCENCE MICROSCOPY, MASS SPECTROMETERS	2005-07-16 to 2006-09-25	N: -2.589 S: -10.073 E: -58.746 W: -72.7	CSV

Biosphere Data Tools

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Tool Sort descending	Description	Services
AppEEARS	The Application for Extracting and Exploring Analysis Ready Samples (AppEEARS) offers a simple and efficient way to perform data access and transformation processes.	Search and Discovery, Subsetting, Customization, Downloading, Visualization
Biomass Earthdata Dashboard	Observe global forest biomass harmonization activity with the Biomass Earthdata Dashboard.	Analysis, Search and Discovery, Visualization
CASEI	The Catalog of Archived Suborbital Earth Science Investigations (CASEI) is a comprehensive inventory of contextual information for NASA's Earth Science airborne and field campaigns.	Search and Discovery, Cataloging
Earthdata Search	Earthdata Search enables data discovery, search, comparison, visualization, and access across NASA’s Earth science data holdings.	Search and Discovery, Access, Cataloging, Cloud Computing, Downloading
FIRMS	The Fire Information for Resource Management System (FIRMS) provides access to satellite imagery, active fire/hotspots, and related products to identify the location, extent, and intensity of wildfire activity.	Access, Visualization
Giovanni	Giovanni is a web application for accessing, visualizing, and analyzing Earth science remote sensing data without downloading the data.	Search and Discovery, Analysis, Access, Visualization, Downloading, Subsetting
OpenAltimetry	OpenAltimetry is a map-based visualization tool for exploring surface elevation data across Earth over time.	Analysis, Search and Discovery, Visualization
Panoply	Panoply is a cross-platform application that plots geo-referenced and other arrays from netCDF, HDF, GRIB, and other datasets.	Visualization, Customization, Reformatting, Subsetting, Comparison
POWER DAV	The POWER project’s Data Access Viewer (DAV) is an interactive web-mapping application that provides access to NASA’s customized solar and meteorological data catalog.	Analysis, Downloading, Subsetting, Visualization
STREAM	STREAM is a rapid water quality monitoring tool that processes satellite imagery to create maps showing chlorophyll-a, Total Suspended Solids, and water clarity at 20-30 meter resolution.	Processing

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Biosphere Data Access and Tools

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