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Description

This dataset contains waveglider observations from the Sub-Mesoscale Ocean Dynamics Experiment (S-MODE) field campaign. The experiment was conducted approximately 300 km offshore of San Francisco, during a pilot campaign that spanned two weeks in October 2021, and two intensive operating periods in Fall 2022 and Spring 2023. S-MODE aims to understand how ocean dynamics acting on short spatial scales influence the vertical exchange of physical and biological variables in the ocean. Three wave gliders were deployed as part of the S-MODE pilot campaign, equipped with a suite of sensors including sonic anemometers, shortwave and longwave radiometers, CTD profilers, and ADCPs. All wave gliders include an IMU that records platform orientation and motion at 20Hz. Data are available in netCDF format.

Product Summary

Platforms
Wave Glider
Instruments
CTD ,
ADCP ,
MMS ,
CURRENT METERS
Spatial Extent

N: 38.2 S: 36.3 E: -122.1 W: -126.2

Coordinate System
CARTESIAN
Granule Spatial Representation
CARTESIAN
Temporal Extent
2021-10-28 to 2023-05-14
Data Partner
Physical Oceanography Distributed Active Archive Center, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, NASA (NASA/JPL/PODAAC)
Concept ID
C2574025518-POCLOUD
Data State
COMPLETE
Number of Files/Granules
29
Processing Level
2
Science Keywords
Conductivity ,
Surface Winds ,
OCEAN TEMPERATURE PROFILES ,
Ocean Circulation ,
SURFACE CURRENTS ,
Salinity ,
Air Temperature ,
Surface Pressure

Citation

Citation is critically important for dataset documentation and discovery. This dataset is openly shared, without restriction, in accordance with the EOSDIS Data Use and Citation Guidance.

Copy Citation

SMODE. (2023). S-MODE Waveglider Observations [Data set]. NASA Physical Oceanography Distributed Active Archive Center. https://doi.org/10.5067/SMODE-WAVEGL2 Date Accessed: 2025-12-14

Documents

Variables

Variables are a set of physical properties whose values determine the characteristics or behavior of something. For example, temperature and pressure are variables of the atmosphere. Parameters and variables can be used interchangeably. Variable level attributes provide individual information for each variable.

The Name in this table is the variable name. Fill value indicates missing or undefined data points in a variable. Valid range is the range of values the variable can store. Scale factor is used to increase or decrease the size of an object and can be used to correct for distortion. For questions on a specific variable, please use the Earthdata Forum.

Name Description Units Data Type Fill Value Valid Range Scale Factor
altitude_10Hz Height of Wave Glider above mean sea level measured by Inertial Sense INS m float N/A N/A 1
altitude_20Hz height of wave wlider above mean sea level measured by NOVATEL GPS/IMU m float N/A N/A 1
Gill_temperature Air temperature measured by Gill R3-50 degrees_C float -9999 -10 to 40 1
heading_10Hz Wave glider heading measured by Sitex GPS, clockwise with respect to true north degree float N/A 0 to 360 1
heading_20Hz Wave glider heading measured by NOVATEL GPS/IMU, clockwise with respect to true north degree float -9999 0 to 360 1
heave_10Hz High-pass filtered height of Wave Glider above mean sea level measured at 10Hz by Sitex GPS m float N/A N/A 1
INST_Gill Gill R3-50 Ultrasonic Anemometer 1 double N/A N/A 1
INST_InertialSense Inertial Sense IMU configured to output position, velocities and attitude at the location of RDI ADCP 1 double N/A N/A 1
INST_IR02 Hukseflux IR02 longwave radiometer 1 double N/A N/A 1
INST_lower_ctd Lower SeaBird GPCTD 1 double N/A N/A 1
INST_Nortek Nortek ADCP failed to internally record during this deployment. 1 double N/A N/A 1
INST_NOVATEL_RT NOVATEL OEM7720 Dual-Antenna Multi-Frequency GNSS Receiver combined with EG320N IMU. Real-Time products. 1 double N/A N/A 1
INST_RBR_Concerto RBR Concerto deployed at a fixed depth of 8.9m. The profiling winch was not used 1 double N/A N/A 1
INST_RDI Teledyne RDI Workhorse Monitor ADCP 1 double N/A N/A 1
INST_SGR4 Kipp & Zonen SGR4-V longwave radiometer 1 double N/A N/A 1
INST_SITEX SI-TEX Vector Compact GPS Compass 1 double N/A N/A 1
INST_SMP21 Kipp & Zonen SMP21-V shortwave radiometer 1 double N/A N/A 1
INST_SR03 Hukseflux SR03 shortwave radiometer 1 double N/A N/A 1
INST_upper_ctd Upper SeaBird GPCTD 1 double N/A N/A 1
INST_Vectornav Vectornav VN-300 GPS/IMU 1 double N/A N/A 1
INST_WXT WXT pressure transducer failure at start of deployment 1 double N/A N/A 1
IR02_longwave_flux Downwelling longwave flux in air measured by IR02 W m-2 float -9999 200 to 500 1
latitude_1Hz Latitude of waveglider measured by Sitex GPS degrees_north double N/A N/A 1
latitude_10Hz Latitude of Wave Glider measured at 10Hz by Sitex GPS degrees_north double N/A N/A 1
latitude_20Hz Latitude of wave glider measured by NOVATEL GPS/IMU degrees_north double N/A N/A 1
LCTD_conductivity Lower SeaBird GPCTD conductivity measurement S m-1 float -9999 3 to 6 1
LCTD_density Lower SeaBird GPCTD sea water in-situ density kg m-3 float -9999 1000 to 1040 1
LCTD_depth Lower SeaBird GPCTD depth measurement m float N/A N/A 1
LCTD_salinity Lower SeaBird GPCTD sea surface practical salinity measurement 1 float -9999 30 to 36 1
LCTD_sea_water_temperature Lower SeaBird GPCTD sea water temperature degrees_C float -9999 -1 to 32 1
longitude_1Hz Longitude of waveglider measured by Sitex GPS degrees_east double N/A N/A 1
longitude_10Hz Longitude of Wave Glider measured at 10Hz by Sitex GPS degrees_east double N/A N/A 1
longitude_20Hz Longitude of wave glider measured by NOVATEL GPS/IMU degrees_east double N/A N/A 1
NOVATEL_RT_angle_rate_x Wave glider NOVATEL angular rate measurement, positive clockwise, axis points starboard deg s-1 float -9999 -150 to 150 1
NOVATEL_RT_angle_rate_y Wave glider NOVATEL angular rate measurement, positive clockwise, axis points forward deg s-1 float -9999 -150 to 150 1
NOVATEL_RT_angle_rate_z Wave glider NOVATEL angular rate measurement, positive clockwise, axis points upward deg s-1 float -9999 -150 to 150 1
pitch_10Hz Wave Glider pitch measured by Inertial Sense IMU degree float -9999 -90 to 90 1
pitch_20Hz Wave glider pitch measured using by NOVATEL GPS/IMU degree float -9999 -90 to 90 1
platform platform N/A float N/A N/A 1
rbr_concerto_density RBR Concerto sea water in-situ density kg m-3 float -9999 1000 to 1040 1
rbr_concerto_depth depth of RBR Concerto measurement m float N/A 15 to 160 1
rbr_concerto_salinity RBR Concerto practical salinity measurement 1 float -9999 30 to 36 1
rbr_concerto_sea_temperature RBR Concerto CTD temperature degrees_C float -9999 -1 to 32 1
rbr_concerto_time Time recorded by RBR Concerto CTD seconds since 2000-01-01T00:00:00Z double N/A N/A 1
roll_10Hz Wave Glider roll measured by Inertial Sense IMU degree float -9999 -180 to 180 1
roll_20Hz Wave glider roll measured by NOVATEL GPS/IMU degree float -9999 -180 to 180 1
SGR4_longwave_flux Downwelling longwave flux in air measured by SGR4-V W m-2 float -9999 200 to 500 1
SMP21_shortwave_flux Downwelling shortwave flux in air measured by SMP21-V W m-2 float -9999 0 to 1400 1
SR03_shortwave_flux Downwelling shortwave flux in air measured by SR03 W m-2 float -9999 0 to 1400 1
time_1Hz Time recorded by Campbell CR6 datalogger at 1Hz seconds since 2000-01-01T00:00:00Z double N/A N/A 1
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