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Surface Temperature Data Access and Tools

NASA has surface temperature datasets that help researchers characterize how warm air is over land and water. Access a range of data and data tools such as AppEEARS, HEG: HDF-EOS to GeoTIFF Conversion Tool, and GOES-5 Weather Maps to make the most of surface temperature data.

Surface Temperature Datasets

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Dataset Version Platform Instrument Temporal Extent Spatial Extent Spatial Resolution Data Format
Atmospheric Profiles: Brutsaert (FIFE) 1 BALLOONS RADIOSONDES 1987-05-26 to 1989-08-12

N: 39.12 S: 39.12 E: -96.56 W: -96.56

CSV
Atmospheric Profiles: TOVS - NOAA (FIFE) 1 NOAA-10, NOAA-9 TOVS 1987-01-01 to 1987-12-31

N: 40 S: 37 E: -95 W: -102

CSV
ATTREX Balloonsondes and Ozonesondes Data 1 GROUND-BASED OBSERVATIONS OZONESONDES, RADIOSONDES, FPH 2014-02-13 to 2014-02-17

N: 13.58 S: 13.44 E: 145.22 W: 144.92

ICARTT
Automated Surface Observing System (ASOS) IMPACTS 1 GROUND STATIONS ANEMOMETERS, BAROMETERS, RAIN GAUGES, THERMOMETERS, Visibility Sensor 2019-12-29 to 2023-03-01

N: 47.467 S: 36.571 E: -67.791 W: -89.694

netCDF-4
BalNeO BATAL Radiosondes Data 1 GROUND-BASED OBSERVATIONS RADIOSONDES, OPC 2024-07-26 to 2024-07-27

N: 17.474 S: 17.254 E: 78.723 W: 77.945

ICARTT
BalNeO BRAVO Radiosondes Data 1 GROUND-BASED OBSERVATIONS RADIOSONDES, HYGROMETERS, OPC, COBALD, CFH 2022-05-24 to 2023-08-15

N: -21.05 S: -49.062 E: -22.136 W: -49.8

ICARTT
BalNeO MAGIC Radiosondes Data 1 GROUND-BASED OBSERVATIONS RADIOSONDES, OPC 2022-10-10 to 2023-12-20

N: 49.432 S: 47.674 E: 4.734 W: 1.91

ICARTT
BalNeO REAS Radiosondes Data 1 GROUND-BASED OBSERVATIONS RADIOSONDES, OPC 2022-01-17 to 2022-01-19

N: 49.299 S: 48.78 E: 4.75 W: 3.896

ICARTT
BIGFOOT Meteorological Data for North and South American Sites, 1991-2004 1 METEOROLOGICAL STATIONS LICOR QUANTUM SENSOR, PYRANOMETERS, RAIN GAUGES, THERMOMETERS 1991-01-01 to 2004-12-31

N: 71.2719 S: -2.8697 E: -54.96 W: -156.613

multiple
BOREAS AES Canadian Hourly and Daily Surface Meteorological Data, R1 2 METEOROLOGICAL STATIONS SNOW MEASURING ROD, TEMPERATURE LOGGERS, HUMIDITY SENSORS, RAIN GAUGES, WIND MONITOR, VISUAL OBSERVATIONS, BAROMETERS, ANEMOMETERS, DEWPOINT HYDROMETERS, DRY BULB THERMOMETERS, WET BULB THERMOMETERS 1975-01-01 to 1997-01-01

N: 57.35 S: 52.17 E: -97.83 W: -107.87

Binary
BOREAS AES Five-day Averaged Surface Meteorological and Upper Air Data 1 METEOROLOGICAL STATIONS DEWPOINT HYDROMETERS, DRY BULB THERMOMETERS, VISUAL OBSERVATIONS, RAIN GAUGES, SNOW MEASURING ROD, WET BULB THERMOMETERS, BAROMETERS, ANEMOMETERS 1976-01-01 to 1997-01-01

N: 57.35 S: 52.17 E: -97.83 W: -107.87

ASCII
BOREAS AFM-01 NOAA/ATDD Long-EZ Aircraft Flux Data over the SSA 1 Airplane THERMISTORS, NET RADIOMETERS, LICOR QUANTUM SENSOR, INFRARED THERMOMETERS, GUST PROBES, IRGA, PRESSURE SENSORS 1994-05-25 to 1994-09-15

N: 54.32 S: 53.42 E: -104.24 W: -106.32

ASCII
BOREAS AFM-02 King Air 1994 Aircraft Flux and Moving Window Data 1 B-200 IRGA, PRESSURE SENSORS, PYRANOMETERS, Pyrgeometer, THERMISTORS, GUST PROBES, DEWPOINT HYDROMETERS 1994-05-25 to 1994-09-17

N: 59.34 S: 50.57 E: -94.08 W: -110.05

ASCII
BOREAS AFM-02 Wyoming King Air 1994 Aircraft Sounding Data 1 B-200 PRESSURE SENSORS, PYRANOMETERS, Pyrgeometer, GUST PROBES, IRGA, THERMISTORS 1994-05-24 to 1994-09-17

N: 56.25 S: 53.42 E: -97.23 W: -106.32

ASCII
BOREAS AFM-03 Electra 1994 Aircraft Flux and Moving Window Data 1 NCAR ELECTRA INFRARED THERMOMETERS, IRGA, NET RADIOMETERS, PRESSURE TRANSDUCERS, TEMPERATURE SENSORS, PYRANOMETERS, Pyrgeometer, GUST PROBES, CHEMILUMINESCENCE, MVI 1994-05-24 to 1994-09-16

N: 56.25 S: 53.42 E: -97.23 W: -106.32

ASCII
BOREAS AFM-03 NCAR Electra 1994 Aircraft Sounding Data 1 NCAR ELECTRA DEWPOINT HYDROMETERS, GUST PROBES, DRY BULB THERMOMETERS, IRGA, CHEMILUMINESCENCE 1994-05-24 to 1994-09-16

N: 61 S: 52 E: -95 W: -107

ASCII
BOREAS AFM-04 Twin Otter Aircraft Flux Data 1 DHC-6 INFRARED RADIOMETERS, IRGA, MMR, MVI, PYRANOMETERS, TEMPERATURE SENSORS, UV OZONE DETECTORS, GUST PROBES, PRESSURE TRANSDUCERS 1994-05-25 to 1994-09-19

N: 55.95 S: 53.79 E: -98.4 W: -104.81

ASCII
BOREAS AFM-04 Twin Otter Aircraft Sounding Data 1 DHC-6 DRY BULB THERMOMETERS, DEWPOINT HYDROMETERS, IRGA, UV OZONE DETECTORS, PRESSURE TRANSDUCERS, GUST PROBES 1994-05-25 to 1996-08-08

N: 56.02 S: 53.21 E: -97.86 W: -106.42

ASCII
BOREAS AFM-05 Level-1 Upper Air Network Data, R1 1 METEOROLOGICAL STATIONS, BALLOONS ANEMOMETERS, BAROMETERS, HUMIDITY SENSORS, THERMOMETERS, RADIOSONDES 1993-08-16 to 1996-10-22

N: 59.98 S: 50.09 E: -93.5 W: -111

multiple
BOREAS AFM-05 Level-2 Upper Air Network Standard Pressure Level Data 1 METEOROLOGICAL STATIONS, BALLOONS ANEMOMETERS, BAROMETERS, HUMIDITY SENSORS, THERMOMETERS, RADIOSONDES 1993-08-16 to 1996-10-22

N: 59.98 S: 50.09 E: -93.5 W: -111

ASCII
BOREAS AFM-06 Mean Temperature Profile Data 1 FIELD INVESTIGATION RASS 1994-05-21 to 1994-09-21

N: 59.34 S: 50.57 E: -94.08 W: -110.05

ASCII
BOREAS AFM-06 Surface Meteorological Data 1 METEOROLOGICAL STATIONS THERMOMETERS, ANEMOMETERS, RAIN GAUGES 1994-05-21 to 1994-09-20

N: 53.91 S: 53.91 E: -104.4 W: -104.4

ASCII
BOREAS AFM-08 ECMWF Hourly Surface and Upper Air Data for the SSA and NSA 1 NOT APPLICABLE NOT APPLICABLE 1994-05-13 to 1997-03-31

N: 62 S: 48 E: -92 W: -114

ASCII
BOREAS Derived Surface Meteorological Data 1 FIXED OBSERVATION STATIONS, METEOROLOGICAL STATIONS THERMOCOUPLES, HUMIDITY SENSORS, WIND MONITOR, BAROMETERS, NET RADIOMETERS, PYRANOMETERS, RAIN GAUGES, ULTRASONIC DEPTH GAUGE, INFRARED THERMOMETERS, Pyrgeometer, LICOR QUANTUM SENSOR 1994-01-01 to 1996-12-31

N: 56.25 S: 53.42 E: -97.23 W: -106.32

ASCII
BOREAS Follow-On FLX-01 NSA-OBS Tower Flux, Meteorological, and Soil Temp. Data 1 FIXED OBSERVATION STATIONS, FIELD INVESTIGATION EDDY CORRELATION DEVICES, RAIN GAUGES, THERMOCOUPLES, NET RADIOMETERS, LICOR QUANTUM SENSOR 1996-10-31 to 1999-01-01

N: 55.8801 S: 55.8801 E: -98.4814 W: -98.4814

CSV
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Featured Surface Temperature Observation Method: AIRS

The Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) aboard the Aqua satellite is a hyperspectral instrument that makes daily global measurements of infrared energy reflected by Earth's surface and atmosphere. The data is used to create three-dimensional water vapor and temperature profiles throughout the atmosphere. Meteorologists and other scientists use the data to make weather forecasts and as part of the historical global temperature record.

Learn More About Airs
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AIRS Near Real-Time Data

Near real-time 3D atmospheric data from the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) instrument are available through NASA's Land, Atmosphere Near real-time Capability for Earth observation (LANCE).
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Access AIRS data from GES DISC via OPeNDAP

Learn how to access and visualize Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) grid data from NASA's Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC) in Python.

Surface Temperature Data Tools

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