Surface Temperature Data Access and Tools

NASA has surface temperature datasets that help researchers characterize how warm air is over land and water. Access a range of data and data tools such as AppEEARS, HEG: HDF-EOS to GeoTIFF Conversion Tool, and GOES-5 Weather Maps to make the most of surface temperature data.

Surface Temperature Datasets

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Dataset Sort descending	Version	Platform	Instrument	Temporal Extent	Spatial Extent	Data Format
NWS Daily Climatology Data: 1981 (SNF)	1	METEOROLOGICAL STATIONS	HYGROMETERS, RAIN GAUGES, PYRANOMETERS, THERMOMETERS	1981-01-01 to 1981-12-31	N: 48.1697 S: 47.6575 E: -91.7658 W: -92.5058	ASCII
NWS Daily Climatology Data: 1982 (SNF)	1	METEOROLOGICAL STATIONS	HYGROMETERS, RAIN GAUGES, PYRANOMETERS, THERMOMETERS	1982-01-01 to 1982-12-31	N: 48.1697 S: 47.6575 E: -91.7658 W: -92.5058	ASCII
NWS Daily Climatology Data: 1983 (SNF)	1	METEOROLOGICAL STATIONS	HYGROMETERS, RAIN GAUGES, PYRANOMETERS, THERMOMETERS	1983-01-01 to 1983-12-31	N: 48.1697 S: 47.6575 E: -91.7658 W: -92.5058	ASCII
NWS Daily Climatology Data: 1984 (SNF)	1	METEOROLOGICAL STATIONS	HYGROMETERS, RAIN GAUGES, PYRANOMETERS, THERMOMETERS	1984-01-01 to 1984-12-31	N: 48.1697 S: 47.6575 E: -91.7658 W: -92.5058	ASCII
NWS Daily Climatology Data: 1985 (SNF)	1	METEOROLOGICAL STATIONS	HYGROMETERS, RAIN GAUGES, PYRANOMETERS, THERMOMETERS	1985-01-01 to 1985-12-31	N: 48.1697 S: 47.6575 E: -91.7658 W: -92.5058	ASCII
NWS Daily Climatology Data: 1986 (SNF)	1	METEOROLOGICAL STATIONS	HYGROMETERS, RAIN GAUGES, PYRANOMETERS, THERMOMETERS	1986-01-01 to 1986-12-31	N: 48.1697 S: 47.6575 E: -91.7658 W: -92.5058	ASCII
NWS Daily Climatology Data: 1987 (SNF)	1	METEOROLOGICAL STATIONS	HYGROMETERS, RAIN GAUGES, PYRANOMETERS, THERMOMETERS	1987-01-01 to 1987-12-31	N: 48.1697 S: 47.6575 E: -91.7658 W: -92.5058	ASCII
NWS Daily Climatology Data: 1988 (SNF)	1	METEOROLOGICAL STATIONS	HYGROMETERS, RAIN GAUGES, PYRANOMETERS, THERMOMETERS	1988-01-01 to 1988-12-31	N: 48.1697 S: 47.6575 E: -91.7658 W: -92.5058	ASCII
NWS Daily Climatology Data: 1989 (SNF)	1	METEOROLOGICAL STATIONS	HYGROMETERS, RAIN GAUGES, PYRANOMETERS, THERMOMETERS	1989-01-01 to 1989-12-31	N: 48.1697 S: 47.6575 E: -91.7658 W: -92.5058	ASCII
NWS Daily Climatology Data: 1990 (SNF)	1	METEOROLOGICAL STATIONS	HYGROMETERS, RAIN GAUGES, PYRANOMETERS, THERMOMETERS	1990-01-01 to 1990-12-31	N: 48.1697 S: 47.6575 E: -91.7658 W: -92.5058	ASCII
OWLETS-1 Ozonesonde Data	1	GROUND STATIONS	OZONESONDES	2017-07-06 to 2017-09-13	N: 37.54 S: 36.61 E: -75.05 W: -76.92	ICARTT
OWLETS-1 Sherpa Aircraft Data	1	C-23 Sherpa, UC-12B	GC-MS, CHEMILUMINESCENCE, LGR, LICOR QUANTUM SENSOR, GPS, HYGROMETERS, PRESSURE TRANSDUCERS, PITOT-STATIC SYSTEM, TEMPERATURE SENSORS, CAFE, 2B Technologies, GeoTASO	2017-07-07 to 2017-09-12	N: 38.01 S: 36.69 E: -75.41 W: -77.38	HDF5
OWLETS-2 Ozonesonde Data	1	GROUND STATIONS	OZONESONDES	2018-06-07 to 2018-07-11	N: 39.57 S: 38.54 E: -75.66 W: -77.34	ICARTT
OWLETS-2 Surface (Ground) Data	1	GROUND STATIONS, Vaisala HydroMet AWS	GAS SENSORS, LGR CRDS, Picarro G2401, TEMPERATURE SENSORS, PRESSURE SENSORS, HUMIDITY SENSORS	2018-05-23 to 2018-08-02	N: 39.26 S: 39.24 E: -76.36 W: -76.72	ICARTT
P-3 Meteorological and Navigation Data IMPACTS	1	NASA P-3	GPS, HYGROMETERS, KT19 Pyrometer, RADAR ALTIMETERS, TEMPERATURE PROBES, TEMPERATURE SENSORS	2020-01-12 to 2023-02-28	N: 48.237 S: 33.261 E: -64.987 W: -95.243	ASCII
PACE-PAX CIRPAS Twin Otter Facility Instrument Data	1	TWIN OTTER CIRPAS NPS	CAS, CIP, PCASP	2024-08-29 to 2024-09-28	N: 38.11 S: 33.49 E: -116.98 W: -125.33	ICARTT
PACE-PAX CIRPAS Twin Otter In-Situ Aerosol Retrieval Algorithm (ISARA) Analysis Data	1	TWIN OTTER CIRPAS NPS	Computer	2024-09-03 to 2024-09-29	N: 38.1 S: 33.62 E: -116.98 W: -124.24	NetCDF-4
PACE-PAX ER-2 High Spectral Resolution Lidar-2 Data	1	NASA ER-2	HSRL-2	2024-09-06 to 2024-10-01	N: 40.77 S: 32.56 E: -113.22 W: -127.56	HDF5, PDF
PACE-PAX ER-2 In-Situ Meteorology and Navigation Data	1	NASA ER-2	Computer	2024-08-28 to 2024-10-02	N: 42.42 S: 31.42 E: -112.36 W: -128.49	ICARTT, KML
PACE-PAX ER-2 Research Scanning Polarimeter (RSP) Data	1	NASA ER-2	RSP-2	2024-08-29 to 2024-10-02	N: 42.42 S: 31.58 E: -112.42 W: -128.52	NetCDF-4
PACE-PAX Ivanpah Playa Data	1	GROUND-BASED OBSERVATIONS	SUN PHOTOMETERS	2024-09-17 to 2025-09-17	N: 35.57 S: 35.56 E: -115.39 W: -115.4	CSV, PDF
PEM Tropics A DC-8 Trajectory Data	1	Data Analysis		1996-08-22 to 1996-10-07	N: 50 S: -80 E: 180 W: -180	GTE
PEM Tropics A In-Situ P-3B Meteorology and Navigation Data	1	P-3B	TAMMS	1996-08-06 to 1996-09-27	N: 39.07 S: -34.83 E: -74 W: -165	GTE
PEM Tropics A P-3B Trajectory Data	1	P-3B, Data Analysis		1996-08-07 to 1996-09-27	N: 50 S: -79.03 E: 180 W: -180	GTE
PEM Tropics A Sondes Data	1	RADIOSONDES	RADIOSONDES, OZONESONDES	1995-01-05 to 1997-12-31	N: -14.23 S: -45.045 E: 180 W: -180	GTE

Featured Surface Temperature Observation Method: AIRS

The Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) aboard the Aqua satellite is a hyperspectral instrument that makes daily global measurements of infrared energy reflected by Earth's surface and atmosphere. The data is used to create three-dimensional water vapor and temperature profiles throughout the atmosphere. Meteorologists and other scientists use the data to make weather forecasts and as part of the historical global temperature record.

image of Earthdata graphic identifier design on top of data points

AIRS Near Real-Time Data

Near real-time 3D atmospheric data from the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) instrument are available through NASA's Land, Atmosphere Near real-time Capability for Earth observation (LANCE).

Access AIRS Data from GES DISC via OPeNDAP Using CMR Search Result

This API allows users to visualize Atmospheric Infrared Sounder data using a Common Metadata Repository search result.

Access AIRS data from GES DISC via OPeNDAP

Learn how to access and visualize Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) grid data from NASA's Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC) in Python.

This image from the AIRS instrument shows surface air temperature over North America and the Arctic on December 22nd, 2022.

Contributions of NASA's AIRS Instrument Continue with CrIS, ATMS

Next-generation instruments aboard Joint Polar Satellite System spacecraft provide continuity to the AIRS project that began in 2002.

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Surface Temperature Data Tools

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