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Surface Temperature Data Access and Tools

NASA has surface temperature datasets that help researchers characterize how warm air is over land and water. Access a range of data and data tools such as AppEEARS, HEG: HDF-EOS to GeoTIFF Conversion Tool, and GOES-5 Weather Maps to make the most of surface temperature data.

Surface Temperature Datasets

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Dataset Version Platform Instrument Temporal Extent Spatial Extent Spatial Resolution Data Format
MERRA-2 tavgU_3d_tdt_Np: 3d,diurnal,Time-Averaged,Pressure-Level,Assimilation,Temperature Tendencies 0.625 x 0.5 degree V5.12.4 (M2TUNPTDT) 5.12.4 MERRA-2 NOT APPLICABLE 1980-01-01 to Present

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

0.625 Decimal Degrees x 0.5 Decimal Degrees
Meteorology (OTTER) 1 METEOROLOGICAL STATIONS BAROMETERS, RAIN GAUGES, THERMOMETERS, PYRANOMETERS 1989-05-27 to 1991-01-07

N: 45.06 S: 44.38 E: -121.68 W: -123.94

ASCII
MetOp-A ASCAT ESDR Level 2 Ancillary Ocean Surface Fields Version 1.1 1.1 Models, METOP-A Computer, ASCAT 2007-01-01 to 2014-04-01

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

12.5 Kilometers x 12.5 Kilometers netCDF-4
MetOp-B ASCAT ESDR Level 2 Ancillary Ocean Surface Fields Version 1.1 1.1 Models, METOP-B Computer, ASCAT 2013-08-01 to 2022-05-31

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

12.5 Kilometers x 12.5 Kilometers netCDF-4
MISR Level 1B2 Ellipsoid Data V003 003 Terra MISR 1999-12-18 to Present

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

HDF-EOS2
MISR Level 1B2 Ellipsoid Data V004 004 Terra MISR 1999-12-18 to Present netCDF-4
MMR Ground Data (FIFE) 1 FIELD INVESTIGATION MMR 1987-06-03 to 1989-08-11

N: 39.12 S: 38.98 E: -96.47 W: -96.58

multiple
MODIS/Aqua Temp and Water Vapor Profile 5-Min L2 Swath Subset 5km subset along MLS V002 (MAM07S0) 002 Aqua MODIS 2004-08-08 to 2008-01-11

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

5 Kilometers x 5 Kilometers
MODIS/Aqua Temp and Water Vapor Profiles 5km 5-Min L2 Narrow Swath Subset along CloudSat V002 (MAC07S0) 002 Aqua MODIS 2006-06-02 to 2018-03-01

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

5 Kilometers x 5 Kilometers
MODIS/Aqua Temp and Water Vapor Profiles 5km 5-Min L2 Wide Swath Subset along CloudSat V002 (MAC07S1) 002 Aqua MODIS 2006-06-02 to 2018-03-01

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

5 Kilometers x 5 Kilometers
MODIS/Aqua Temperature and Water Vapor Profiles 5-Min L2 Swath 5km 6.1 Aqua MODIS 2002-07-04 to Present

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

HDF-EOS
MODIS/Aqua Temperature and Water Vapor Profiles 5-Min L2 Swath 5km - NRT 6.1NRT Aqua MODIS 2017-10-20

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

5 Kilometers x 5 Kilometers HDF-EOS
MODIS/Terra Temperature and Water Vapor Profiles 5-Min L2 Swath 5km 6.1 Terra MODIS 2000-02-24 to Present

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

HDF-EOS
MODIS/Terra Temperature and Water Vapor Profiles 5-Min L2 Swath 5km - NRT 6.1NRT Terra MODIS 2017-10-11

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

5 Kilometers x 5 Kilometers HDF-EOS
Monthly Climate Data for Selected USGS HCDN Sites, 1951-1990, R1 1 STREAMFLOW STATION STREAM GAUGES 1951-01-01 to 1990-12-31

N: 49.39 S: 24.16 E: -66.74 W: -125.15

Shapefile
MOPITT CO gridded daily means (Near and Thermal Infrared Radiances) V009 9 Terra MOPITT 2000-03-03 to 2025-02-01

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

HDF-EOS5
MOPITT CO gridded daily means (Near and Thermal Infrared Radiances) V010 10 Terra MOPITT 2000-03-03 to 2025-02-01

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

2 Decimal Degrees x 2.5 Decimal Degrees HDF-EOS5
MOPITT CO gridded daily means (Near Infrared Radiances) V009 9 Terra MOPITT 2000-03-03 to 2025-02-01

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

HDF-EOS5
MOPITT CO gridded daily means (Near Infrared Radiances) V010 10 Terra MOPITT 2000-03-03 to 2025-02-01

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

2 Decimal Degrees x 2.5 Decimal Degrees HDF-EOS5
MOPITT CO gridded daily means (Thermal Infrared Radiances) V009 9 Terra MOPITT 2000-03-03 to 2025-02-01

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

HDF-EOS5
MOPITT CO gridded daily means (Thermal Infrared Radiances) V010 10 Terra MOPITT 2000-03-03 to 2025-02-01

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

2 Decimal Degrees x 2.5 Decimal Degrees HDF-EOS5
MOPITT CO gridded monthly means (Near and Thermal Infrared Radiances) V009 9 Terra MOPITT 2000-03-03 to 2025-02-01

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

HDF-EOS5
MOPITT CO gridded monthly means (Near and Thermal Infrared Radiances) V010 10 Terra MOPITT 2000-03-03 to 2025-02-01

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

2 Decimal Degrees x 2.5 Decimal Degrees HDF-EOS5
MOPITT CO gridded monthly means (Near Infrared Radiances) V009 9 Terra MOPITT 2000-03-03 to 2025-02-01

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

HDF-EOS5
MOPITT CO gridded monthly means (Near Infrared Radiances) V010 10 Terra MOPITT 2000-03-03 to 2025-02-01

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

2 Decimal Degrees x 2.5 Decimal Degrees HDF-EOS5
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Featured Surface Temperature Observation Method: AIRS

The Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) aboard the Aqua satellite is a hyperspectral instrument that makes daily global measurements of infrared energy reflected by Earth's surface and atmosphere. The data is used to create three-dimensional water vapor and temperature profiles throughout the atmosphere. Meteorologists and other scientists use the data to make weather forecasts and as part of the historical global temperature record.

Learn More About Airs
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AIRS Near Real-Time Data

Near real-time 3D atmospheric data from the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) instrument are available through NASA's Land, Atmosphere Near real-time Capability for Earth observation (LANCE).
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Access AIRS data from GES DISC via OPeNDAP

Learn how to access and visualize Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) grid data from NASA's Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC) in Python.

Surface Temperature Data Tools

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