Surface Temperature Data Access and Tools

NASA has surface temperature datasets that help researchers characterize how warm air is over land and water. Access a range of data and data tools such as AppEEARS, HEG: HDF-EOS to GeoTIFF Conversion Tool, and GOES-5 Weather Maps to make the most of surface temperature data.

Surface Temperature Datasets

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Dataset Sort descending	Version	Platform	Instrument	Temporal Extent	Spatial Extent	Data Format
First ISCCP Regional Experiment (FIRE) Atlantic Stratocumulus Transition Experiment (ASTEX) Valdivia Radiosonde Data	1	Ships	RADIOSONDES	1992-05-28 to 1992-06-22	N: 46.01 S: 27.1 E: -11.92 W: -26.07	ASCII
First ISCCP Regional Experiment (FIRE) Atlantic Stratocumulus Transition Experiment (ASxTEX) ECMWF Basic Fields Data	1	Models	NOT APPLICABLE	1992-06-01 to 1992-06-28	N: 70 S: 10 E: 15 W: -85	ASCII
First ISCCP Regional Experiment (FIRE) Cirrus 1 Colorado State University Sabreliner Aircraft Radiometric and Meteorological Data	1	T-39	PRESSURE TRANSDUCERS, PYRANOMETERS, HYGROMETERS, GUST PROBES	1986-10-13 to 1986-11-02	N: 48 S: 41 E: -85 W: -96	Binary
First ISCCP Regional Experiment (FIRE) Cirrus 1 ISCCP Stage DX Pixel Level Cloud Product - Revised Algorithm Data	1	NOAA-9, GOES-6	AVHRR-2, RADIOMETERS, VISSR	1986-10-01 to 1986-10-31	N: 47.5 S: 37.5 E: -80 W: -102.5	Binary
First ISCCP Regional Experiment (FIRE) Cirrus 1 TIROS Operational Vertical Sounder (TOVS) Data	1	NOAA-10, NOAA-9	TOVS	1986-10-14 to 1986-11-02	N: 49 S: 40 E: -89 W: -93	Binary
First ISCCP Regional Experiment (FIRE) Cirrus 2 ISCCP Stage DX Pixel Level Cloud Product - Revised Algorithm Data	1	GOES-7, NOAA-12, NOAA-11	VISSR, RADIOMETERS, AVHRR	1991-11-01 to 1991-12-31	N: 47.5 S: 37.5 E: -80 W: -102.5	ASCII
First ISCCP Regional Experiment (FIRE) Cirrus Phase I National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Kingair Aircraft Data	1	King Air	PYRANOMETERS, HYGROMETERS, GUST PROBES, BRTS, CLOUD LIQUID WATER PROBE, THERMOMETERS, PHOTOMETERS, RADIOMETERS	1986-10-14 to 1986-11-02	N: 46.82 S: 40.36 E: -87 W: -96.92	Binary
First ISCCP Regional Experiment (FIRE) Cirrus Phase I National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Sabreliner Aircraft Data	1	T-39	PYRANOMETERS, HYGROMETERS, GUST PROBES, RADIOMETERS	1986-10-13 to 1986-11-02	N: 47.3 S: 13.72 E: -83.52 W: -96.99	ZIP
First ISCCP Regional Experiment (FIRE) Cirrus Phase I Rawinsonde Data	1	GROUND STATIONS	RAWINSONDES	1986-10-13 to 1986-11-03	N: 50 S: 39 E: -81.1 W: -96.2	ASCII
First ISCCP Regional Experiment (FIRE) Cirrus Phase I University of North Dakota Citation Aircraft 24 Hertz Data	1	AIRCRAFT	THERMOMETERS	1991-11-14 to 1991-12-07	N: 38.82 S: 33.35 E: -92.74 W: -96.52	ASCII
First ISCCP Regional Experiment (FIRE) Cirrus Phase II Colorado State University (CSU) Rawinsonde Data	1	GROUND STATIONS	RAWINSONDES	1991-11-13 to 1991-12-06	N: 37.19 S: 37.17 E: -95.06 W: -95.08	ASCII
First ISCCP Regional Experiment (FIRE) Cirrus Phase II Colorado State University (CSU) Station 1 Data	1	GROUND STATIONS	PYRANOMETERS, PYRHELIOMETERS	1991-11-11 to 1991-12-08	N: 37.19 S: 37.17 E: -95.06 W: -95.08	ASCII
First ISCCP Regional Experiment (FIRE) Cirrus Phase II Colorado State University (CSU) Station 2 Data	1	GROUND STATIONS	PYRANOMETERS, PYRHELIOMETERS	1991-11-13 to 1991-12-08	N: 37.34 S: 37.32 E: -95.4 W: -95.6	ASCII
First ISCCP Regional Experiment (FIRE) Cirrus Phase II Cross-chain LORAN Atmospheric Sounding System (CLASS) Data	1	GROUND STATIONS	RAWINSONDES	1991-11-06 to 1991-12-07	N: 38 S: 35.65 E: -95 W: -97.16	ASCII
First ISCCP Regional Experiment (FIRE) Cirrus Phase II Mesoscale Analysis and Prediction System	1	METEOSAT-4	Computer	1991-11-12 to 1991-12-08	N: 58 S: 19 E: -59 W: -137	ASCII
First ISCCP Regional Experiment (FIRE) Cirrus Phase II National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Kingair Aircraft Data	1	B-200	GUST PROBES, Hotwire LWC, HYGROMETERS, PHOTOMETERS, PMS 2D-C PROBE, PMS 2D-P PROBE, PRT, PYRANOMETERS, Pyrgeometer, RADIOMETERS	1991-11-09 to 1991-12-06	N: 41.25 S: 35.95 E: -94 W: -105.31	ASCII
First ISCCP Regional Experiment (FIRE) Cirrus Phase II National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Sabreliner Aircraft Data	1	T-39	PYRANOMETERS, Pyrgeometer, HYGROMETERS, GUST PROBES, RADIOMETERS	1991-11-17 to 1991-12-07	N: 38.96 S: 27.08 E: -92.66 W: -99.25	ASCII
First ISCCP Regional Experiment (FIRE) Cirrus Phase II National Weather Service(NWS) Inner-Network Rawinsonde Data	1	GROUND STATIONS	RAWINSONDES	1991-11-13 to 1991-12-07	N: 41.4 S: 29.4 E: -88.8 W: -106.6	ASCII
First ISCCP Regional Experiment (FIRE) Cirrus Phase II National Weather Service(NWS) Outer-Network Rawinsonde Data	1	GROUND STATIONS	RAWINSONDES	1991-11-20 to 1991-12-07	N: 48.6 S: 27.8 E: -82.6 W: -123	ASCII
First ISCCP Regional Experiment (FIRE) Cirrus Phase II NCAR Kingair Aircraft Microphysical Data	1	B-200	PMS 2D-C PROBE, PMS 2D-P PROBE	1991-11-09 to 1991-12-06	N: 43 S: 34 E: -93 W: -106.3	ASCII
First ISCCP Regional Experiment (FIRE) Cirrus Phase II NCAR Sabreliner Aircraft Microphysical Data	1	Airplane	PMS 2D-C PROBE, PMS 2D-P PROBE	1991-11-17 to 1991-12-07	N: 38.96 S: 27.08 E: -92.65 W: -99.49	ASCII
First ISCCP Regional Experiment (FIRE) Cirrus Phase II Portable Automated Mesonet Station (PAMS) Data	1	GROUND STATIONS, PAM	NOT APPLICABLE	1991-11-13 to 1991-12-07	N: 38.01 S: 35.66 E: -95.09 W: -97.16	ASCII
First ISCCP Regional Experiment (FIRE) Cirrus Phase II University of North Dakota Citation Aircraft 1 Hertz Data	1	Airplane	CNC, CHEMILUMINESCENCE, HYGROMETERS, WIND MONITOR, Hotwire LWC, ROSEMOUNT ICING DETECTOR, PRESSURE TRANSDUCERS, TEMPERATURE PROBES	1991-11-14 to 1991-12-07	N: 38.82 S: 33.36 E: -92.75 W: -96.42	ASCII
First ISCCP Regional Experiment (FIRE) Cirrus Phase II University of North Dakota Citation Aircraft 5 Second Data	1	NASA WB-57F	RT, PRESSURE TRANSDUCERS, PMS, CLOUD LIQUID WATER PROBE, THERMOMETERS	1991-11-22 to 1991-11-22	N: 38.82 S: 37.04 E: -93 W: -96.42	Binary
First ISCCP Regional Experiment (FIRE) Cirrus Phase II University of North Dakota Citation Aircraft Microphysical Data	1	Airplane	PMS 2D-C PROBE, PMS 2D-P PROBE	1991-11-14 to 1991-12-07	N: 38.82 S: 33.36 E: -92.75 W: -96.42	Binary

Featured Surface Temperature Observation Method: AIRS

The Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) aboard the Aqua satellite is a hyperspectral instrument that makes daily global measurements of infrared energy reflected by Earth's surface and atmosphere. The data is used to create three-dimensional water vapor and temperature profiles throughout the atmosphere. Meteorologists and other scientists use the data to make weather forecasts and as part of the historical global temperature record.

image of Earthdata graphic identifier design on top of data points

AIRS Near Real-Time Data

Near real-time 3D atmospheric data from the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) instrument are available through NASA's Land, Atmosphere Near real-time Capability for Earth observation (LANCE).

Access AIRS Data from GES DISC via OPeNDAP Using CMR Search Result

This API allows users to visualize Atmospheric Infrared Sounder data using a Common Metadata Repository search result.

Access AIRS data from GES DISC via OPeNDAP

Learn how to access and visualize Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) grid data from NASA's Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC) in Python.

This image from the AIRS instrument shows surface air temperature over North America and the Arctic on December 22nd, 2022.

Contributions of NASA's AIRS Instrument Continue with CrIS, ATMS

Next-generation instruments aboard Joint Polar Satellite System spacecraft provide continuity to the AIRS project that began in 2002.

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