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Description

This database is a major update of the Leemans and Cramer database (Leemans and Cramer 1991). It currently contains monthly averages of mean temperature, temperature range, precipitation, rain days and sunshine hours for the terrestrial surface of the globe, gridded at 0.5 degree longitude/latitude resolution. It was generated from a large data base, using the partial thin-plate splining algorithm developed by Michael F. Hutchinson, Canberra (Hutchinson and Bischof 1983).

Product Summary

Platforms
NOT APPLICABLE
Instruments
NOT APPLICABLE
Projects
Climate
Spatial Extent

N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

Coordinate System
CARTESIAN
Granule Spatial Representation
CARTESIAN
Temporal Extent
1930-01-01 to 1960-12-31
Data Partner
THE OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY (ORNL) DISTRIBUTED ACTIVE ARCHIVE CENTER (DAAC) (ORNL_DAAC)
Concept ID
C2780740663-ORNL_CLOUD
Data State
COMPLETE
Number of Files/Granules
15
Processing Level
3
Published
Updated
Science Keywords
Sunshine ,
Air Temperature ,
Rain ,
Precipitation Amount

Citation

Citation is critically important for dataset documentation and discovery. This dataset is openly shared, without restriction, in accordance with the EOSDIS Data Use and Citation Guidance.

Copy Citation

Cramer, W. P., & Leemans, R. (2001). Global 30-Year Mean Monthly Climatology, 1930-1960, V2.1 (Cramer and Leeman) (Version 1). ORNL Distributed Active Archive Center. https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/416 Date Accessed: 2026-09-18

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Publications Citing This Dataset

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Title Year Author Topic
Evaluating natural infrastructure for flood management within the watersheds of selected global cities Gunnell, Kelly, Mulligan, Mark, Francis, Robert A., Hole, David G. Sunshine, Air Temperature, Rain, Precipitation Amount
Description and Evaluation of the MIT Earth System Model (MESM) Sokolov, Andrei, Kicklighter, David, Schlosser, Adam, Wang, Chien, Monier, Erwan, BrownSteiner, Benjamin, Prinn, Ronald, Forest, Chris, Gao, Xiang, Libardoni, Alex, Eastham, Sebastian Sunshine, Air Temperature, Rain, Precipitation Amount
The contribution of neutral evolution and adaptive processes in driving phenotypic divergence in a model mammalian species, the Andean fox Lycalopex culpaeus Martinez, Pablo A., Pia, Monica V., Bahechar, Ilham A., Molina, Wagner F., Bidau, Claudio J., MontoyaBurgos, Juan I. Sunshine, Air Temperature, Rain, Precipitation Amount
Macronutrient processing by temperate lakes: A dynamic model for long-term, large-scale application Tipping, Edward, Boyle, John F., Schillereff, Daniel N., Spears, Bryan M., Phillips, Geoffrey Sunshine, Air Temperature, Rain, Precipitation Amount
Dependence of ombrotrophic peat nitrogen on phosphorus and climate Toberman, Hannah, Tipping, Edward, Boyle, John F., Helliwell, Rachel C., Lilly, Allan, Henrys, Peter A. Nitrogen Compounds, Nitrogen Oxides, Sunshine, Air Temperature, Rain, Precipitation Amount
Bergmann's rule across the equator: a case study in Cerdocyon thous (Canidae) Martinez, Pablo A., Marti, Dardo A., Molina, Wagner F., Bidau, Claudio J. Sunshine, Air Temperature, Rain, Precipitation Amount
Presenceabsence versus invasive status data for modelling potential distribution of invasive plants: Saltcedar in Argentina Natale, Evangelina, Zalba, Sergio Martin, Reinoso, Herminda Sunshine, Air Temperature, Rain, Precipitation Amount
Organization of complexity in water limited ecohydrology Jenerette, G. Darrel, BarronGafford, Greg A., Guswa, Andrew J., McDonnell, Jeffrey J., Villegas, Juan Camilo Sunshine, Air Temperature, Rain, Precipitation Amount
The palynostratigraphy of the Brassington Formation (Upper Miocene) of the southern Pennines, central England Pound, Matthew J., Riding, James B., Donders, Timme H., Daskova, Jirina Sunshine, Air Temperature, Rain, Precipitation Amount
Estimating habitat suitability for potential hantavirus reservoirs in north-western Patagonia using satellite imagery: Searching for the best predictive tools Monjeau, J. Adrian, Rotela, Camilo H., Lamfri, Mario, Marquez, Jorge, Scavuzzo, C. Marcelo, Stanulescu, Magdalena, Nabte, Marcela J., Rial, Ezequiel Gonzalez Sunshine, Air Temperature, Rain, Precipitation Amount
Inter- and Intraspecific Geographic Variation of Body Size in South American Redbelly Toads of the Genus Melanophryniscus Gallardo, 1961 (Anura: Bufonidae) Bidau, Claudio J., Marti, Dardo A., Baldo, Diego Sunshine, Air Temperature, Rain, Precipitation Amount
Response of River Runoff in the Cryolithic Zone of Eastern Siberia (Lena River Basin) to Future Climate Warming Georgiadi, A. G., Milyukova, I. P., Kashutina, E. A. Sunshine, Air Temperature, Rain, Precipitation Amount
Global fire emissions and the contribution of deforestation, savanna, forest, agricultural, and peat fires (19972009) van der Werf, G. R., Randerson, J. T., Giglio, L., Collatz, G. J., Mu, M., Kasibhatla, P. S., Morton, D. C., DeFries, R. S., Jin, Y., van Leeuwen, T. T. Sunshine, Air Temperature, Rain, Precipitation Amount
On the relationship between the environmental history and the epidemiological situation of Argentine hemorrhagic fever Polop, Francisco, Provensal, Cecilia, Scavuzzo, Marcelo, Lamfri, Mario, Calderon, Gladys, Polop, Jaime Sunshine, Air Temperature, Rain, Precipitation Amount
Subterranean rodents of the genus Ctenomys (Caviomorpha, Ctenomyidae) follow the converse to Bergmann's rule Medina, Alonso I., Marti, Dardo A., Bidau, Claudio J. Sunshine, Air Temperature, Rain, Precipitation Amount
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